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Research in rural and remote schools and communities of Queensland resulted in the development and validation of the Rural and Remote Teaching, Working, Living and Learning Environment Survey (RRTWLLES). Samples of 252 teachers and 191 community members were used to validate the structure of this questionnaire. It was developed within the standard psychometric framework of instrument design. Eleven dimensions of importance to teachers in rural and remote communities were identified: Community internal consistency reliability was found for all 11 scales. Multilevel analysis revealed significant differences between teacher and community member scores for Personal Dislocation and Social Inclusivity. The RRTWLLES has the potential to assist rural and remote educators, researchers, teachers and community members.
ThIs papEr rEporTs oN a component of a research project, Young Australian Indigenous students Literacy and Numeracy (YAILN), a longitudinal study investigating learning and teaching activities that support young Indigenous Australian students as they enter formal schooling. In Queensland, students are allowed to attend a non-compulsory year of schooling, Preparatory (Prep), if they reach the age of five years by the end of June in the year they enrol. In YAILN, one of the participating schools' preparatory intake included Indigenous students who had not reached the required age for Prep. Numeracy understandings for two of these students were tracked during their pre-prep year. The pre-and post-test numeracy results and the interview conducted at the beginning of their 'official' preparatory year suggest that this extra year of schooling enhanced their knowledge of mathematics and has (a) put them on an even footing with students from more advantaged backgrounds as they enter Prep, and (b) given them a distinctive advantage over other Indigenous students who have not had equivalent experiences.
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