The paper investigates the relationship between farm size and productivity on chosen sample of companies in Slovakia. The impact of farm size in hectares and credits per hectare in euro on the production per hectare are analysed. The ordinary least square (OLS) and fixed effect model (FEM) regression framework confirms the inverse relationship between farm size and productivity. Credits per hectare have positive impact on productivity of farms. The results of the models show increasing returns to scale in Slovak farms.
The paper deals with the analysis of factors that influence the change in return on equity (ROE) in farms of individual V4 countries – in Slovakia, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. DuPont analysis denotes the decomposition of the ROE indicator and is classified as a basic pyramid decomposition. The pyramid system captures the relationship between indicators, where one synthetic indicator (ROE) is broken down into analytical indicators through linkages. In the case of a multiplicative link between indicators, the functional and logarithmic method is used. The source of data is the Farm Accountancy Data Network for the period 2009–2017. Comparing the first and last year we can conclude that the ROE indicator decreased in farms of all V4 countries (in Slovakia by 155%, in Czech Republic by 133%, in Hungary by 52% and in Poland by 19%). The predominantly positive or negative impact on its development was mainly influenced by two indicators: return on assets and return on sales in all countries.
This scientific paper is based on the results of the research focused on the growing and processing of selected medicinal plants. Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) was included in the research because it is currently one of the most sought-after superfoods in Europe and throughout the world. Based on authentic data and literary sources, the model of economic efficiency was developed for assessment of the establishment and operation of the black chokeberry plantation in the Slovak Republic. The modelled plantation shall be spread over 10 hectares with an intensive method of cultivation (high soil quality, deep plowing, drip irrigation, fertilization with organic and inorganic fertilizer and mechanized fruit harvesting). This intensive cultivation method is characterized by higher yields in t/ha compared to an extensive cultivation method. The model is reviewed over a 12-year period. In this paper are presented three alternatives for processing total production. “Alternative A” represents the sale of the harvest to either the final consumer or the processor for further processing (fresh fruit). “Alternative B” represents the finalization of production in the form of apple–aronia juice (ratio 25% aronia–75% apple). “Alternative C” represents the finalization of production in the form of apple–aronia juice (ratio 50% aronia–50% apple).
The increasing consumption of energy, as well as exhaustibility of fossil resources, initiate the necessity of finding renewable resources. Especially biofuels represent the important role in terms of renewable resources, development of which is often question under debate in many countries. By increasing of blending mandate in the European Union (EU), the SR after joining the EU forced to implement the changes in its action plan for renewable energy in transport and set benchmarks share of methyl ester of rapeseed oil in diesel fuel. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the economic impact of biodiesel production in the Slovak republic. At the same time, biofuel production has an impact on the price of conventional fuels. The relationship between biofuel production and prices of agricultural crops as well as conventional fuels we examined through regression and correlation analysis, which showed that between production of biodiesel and the prices indicated exists certain dependency.
The cultivation of medicinal plants is a current topic of growing importance. In Europe, but also the world, the demand for high-quality food is constantly growing. Sea buckthorn can be considered a functional food, which is an intermediate step between classic foods and medicines. Sea buckthorn contains a high content of vitamin C, which makes it an ideal helper in the treatment of flu or angina; thanks to the high content of vitamin B, it heals burns, has antiseptic effects, consumption of products from this medicinal plant ensures prevention in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and cancer, supports digestion, detoxifies the body, purifies and supports the activity of the kidneys and urinary system, reduces high cholesterol, improves memory, has anti-inflammatory effects. In the contribution, we focus on the economic assessment of the cultivation and processing of this superfood in an intensive cultivation method. We modeled two alternatives: “Alternative A” – frozen fruits, “Alternative B” – 100% sea buckthorn juice. Based on the performed analysis, the second alternative is more economically efficient, given that the payback period is before the seventh vegetation year, the internal rate of return is at the level of 35.67% and the net present value reaches the level of 1,379,316 €. In the contribution, we also evaluated the intensity of production based on the resulting indicators (revenues, costs, management result per hectare, average profitability of revenues and costs) with conventional crops grown in the corn production area (wheat, barley, corn). We found that the values of all indicators were more favorable for sea buckthorn.
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