The presence of obesity has a negative impact on the survival rate of severe acute pancreatitis patients. Obese patients have higher incidence of local and systemic complications. Obesity seems to be a negative prognostic factor in severe acute pancreatitis patients.
Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The current gold standard therapy for pancreas transplantation has limitations because of the long list of waiting patients and the limited supply of donor pancreas. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a relatively new potential therapy in various fields, have already made their mark in the young field of regenerative medicine. Recent studies have shown that the implantation of MSCs decreases glucose levels through paracrine influences rather than through direct transdifferentiation into insulin-producing cells. Therefore, these cells may use pro-angiogenic and immunomodulatory effects to control diabetes following the cotransplantation with pancreatic islets. In this review, we present and discuss new approaches of using MSCs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1.
Background /Aims: The present study deals with the significance of lymph node micrometastasis in the survival rate for pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2010 at the First Department of Surgery in Košice, a prospective trial was done in which we investigated the survival rate after radical pancreatic resection. All negative lymph nodes removed during standard radical lymphadenectomy were subjected to immunohistochemical staining to detect occult micrometastasis. A comparison of the median survival rate in groups of patients with immunohistochemistry-positive and -negative lymph nodes was performed. Results: Radical pancreatic resection with standard radical lymphadenectomy was performed on 64 pancreatic cancer patients. The median survival time was 15 months. Out of the 319 histopathologically negative lymph nodes (34 patients), 134 lymph nodes were classified as immunohistochemistry positive (21 patients). The median survival rate in the group of patients with immunohistochemistry-negative lymph nodes was 23 months, but in the group of patients with immunohistochemistry-positive lymph nodes it was 14 months. There was a statistically significant difference between these 2 groups of patients (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: The immunohistochemical examination of histopathologically negative lymph nodes can lead to positive lymph node detection. The presence of lymph node micrometastasis could predict the survival rate.
BACKGROUND: Lumbar spondylolisthesis is a relatively common cause of low back and lower extremity pain. The most common type, degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS), is a disease that causes stenosis of the spinal canal. Two surgical methods of treatment are widely accepted, namely posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2015 and 2017, the fi ndings of 333 consecutive DLS patients who underwent surgical decompression with instrumented fusion were analyzed in a prospective study at the
The presence of postoperative complications after pancreatic resections has negative influence on the survival rate for pancreatic cancer patients. Patients with a small pancreatic duct size (<3 mm) or a soft pancreatic remnant were at high risk of pancreatic leakage and postoperative complications.
According to data from 2020, Slovakia has long been among the top five countries with the highest incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) worldwide, and the rate is continuing to rise every year. In approximately 80% of CRC cases, allelic loss (loss of heterozygosity, LOH) occurs in the long arm of chromosome 18q. The most important genes that can be silenced by 18q LOH or mutations are small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) 2 and SMAD4, which are intracellular mediators of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily signals. TGF-β plays an important role in the pro-oncogenic processes, including such properties as invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (commonly known as EMT), promotion of angiogenesis, and immunomodulatory effects. Several recent studies have reported that activation of TGF-β signaling is related to drug resistance in CRC. Because the mechanisms of drug resistance are different between patients in different stages of CRC, personalized treatment is more effective. Therefore, knowledge of the activation and inhibition of factors that affect the TGF-β signaling pathway is very important.
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