Biallelic germline mutations of Constitutional mismatch repair-deficiency syndrome (CMMR-D) genes, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 are characterized by increased risk of childhood malignancy. We report a case with CMMR-D caused by novel homozygous MSH6 mutations leading to gliomatosis cerebri and T-ALL in an 11-year-old female and glioblastoma multiforme in her 10-year-old brother, both with rapid progression of the diseases. A literature review on brain tumors in CMMR-D families shows that they are treatment-resistant and lead to early death. Identification of patients with CMMR-D is critical, and specific cancer screening programs with early surgery are recommended.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.