Feline hyperthyroidism
is the most commonly diagnosed endocrine-related
disease among senior and geriatric housecats, but the causes remain
unknown. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds with thyroid targets,
such as flame retardants (FRs), may contribute to disease development.
Silicone passive sampling devices, or pet tags, quantitatively assessed
the bioavailable FR exposures of 78 cats (≥7 y) in New York
and Oregon using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Pet
tags were analyzed for 36 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, six organophosphate
esters (OPEs), and two alternative brominated FRs. In nonhyperthyroid
cats, serum free thyroxine (fT4), total T4 (TT4), total triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone
concentrations were compared with FR concentrations. Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-isopropyl)
phosphate (TDCIPP) concentrations were higher in hyperthyroid pet
tags in comparison to nonhyperthyroid pet tags (adjusted odds ratio, p < 0.07; Mantel–Cox, p <
0.02). Higher TDCIPP concentrations were associated with air freshener
use in comparison to no use (p < 0.01), residences
built since 2005 compared to those pre-1989 (p <
0.002), and cats preferring to spend time on upholstered furniture
in comparison to no preference (p < 0.05). Higher
TDCIPP concentrations were associated with higher fT4 and
TT4 concentrations (p < 0.05). This
study provides proof-of-concept data for the use of silicone pet tags
with companion animals and further indicates that bioavailable TDCIPP
exposures are associated with feline hyperthyroidism.
Background
Renal lymphoma in dogs is rare and has a poor prognosis. Granular lymphocyte morphology is rarely reported in canine renal lymphoma. Mild to moderate polycythemia is reported in a number of canine renal lymphoma cases.
Case presentation
A 10-year-old Labrador retriever presented to a university veterinary teaching hospital after a 1-month history of polyuria, polydipsia, and pollakiuria and a 2-week history of abdominal distention, lethargy, and increased respiratory effort. Abdominal ultrasound showed a wedge-shaped to rounded, heterogeneously hypoechoic mass lesion in the left kidney. Cytologic analysis of a percutaneous aspirate of the mass was consistent with lymphoma of granular lymphocytes. Severe polycythemia (hematocrit 0.871) was noted on a complete blood cell count. Clonality analysis identified a clonally rearranged T-cell receptor (TCR) gene and immunohistochemical staining was CD3+, CD79a- and CD11d+, supporting cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first report of renal cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma with severe polycythemia in a dog. Severe polycythemia and renal cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma are both rare in dogs; this report adds to the body of knowledge on these conditions.
An 8-month-old, male domestic shorthaired cat presented for chronic weight loss, intermittent dyspnea, chronic diarrhea, hyperactivity, and weakness. The cat had a palpable thyroid nodule and increased serum total thyroxine and 3,5,3' triiodothyronine levels. The cat was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, and a unilateral thyroidectomy was performed followed by radioactive iodine at a later date. The clinical signs resolved following radioactive iodine, and the cat subsequently developed clinical hypothyroidism.
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