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Data presented are based on more than one hundred surveys on physicians' smoking, camed out in 31 countries since 1951. Prevalences by gender are shown in two figures. For 13 countries, it is possible to compare the trend in smoking prevalence among physicians with the trend among the general population. In ten countries, smoking prevalences decreased over time for male physicians and the general populatioo. This suggests a positive influence of the physicians' example in those countries.

Summary Between 1958 and 1981 the increase in per capita consumption in the Netherlands was more than 300 per cent. Survey dam of 1958, 1970 and 1981 are used to study changes in mean consumption and in the frequency distribution of consumption of different subpopulations. In most subpopulations the percentage of abstainers did not show significant changes. Differences in mean consumption between subpopulations have generally become larger, especially between 1958 and 1970. All subpopulations with an increase in mean consumption, show a strong increase in percentage of drinkers in the highest consumption category. The opposite tendency, stable or decreasing percentages of drinkers in the highest consumption category in subpopulations with a stable or decreasing mean consumption, was not found in our data.

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