Since the end of the Cold War and due to the needs to produce titanium more cost‐efficient and thus more attractive for its civilian use, the electroslag remelting (ESR) process has become an increasingly important topic of international research programmes, because titanium and titanium aluminides can be chemically refined by ESR in some degree. Using ESR, titanium turnings from machining steps and scrap from foundries can be remelted, refined and provided as secondary titanium for the market at relatively favourable prices. This article investigates the removability of the main impurities out of titanium and titanium‐aluminium alloys by electroslag remelting using the active slag system CaF2‐Ca‐(CaO). Thermochemical and kinetic aspects of the ESR process are considered.
In the production of high‐manganese TRIP and TWIP steels, significant micro‐segregation effects are observed after solidification. Homogenization can be achieved by heat treatment followed by deformation at a significant time and effort (forging, annealing, hot rolling). In an attempt to achieve the best homogeneous microstructure and reduced thermomechanical processing, the cast alloy is treated by electroslag remelting (ESR). After a simple hot rolling procedure with a thickness reduction of 90% and without further heat treatment, micro‐segregation of manganese can be reduced to about 5 wt%. There is a potential to achieve even lower values with further optimization of the ESR process and an adapted thermomechanical processing.
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