An archaeological situation documented in 2016 in the cadastral territory of Boršov (Svitavy district, Pardubice Region, Czech Republic)
contained more than 70 metal artefacts scattered mostly over an area of 5 x 2 m. The finds were made with the use of metal detectors
in an otherwise unsettled space in close proximity to defunct roads crossing a sharp local terrain fault. The finds were concentrated
on hilly terrain between two slight watercourses. The collection is composed mainly of fragments of intentionally broken artefacts
made from a copper alloy, castings of the mouth of casting channels, ingots, as well as craft tools, coins, a fragment of a bronze
mould, fibula parts, etc. The assemblage dates to the end of the Marcomannic Wars or the period immediately following them and
documents a close relationship with the processing of non-ferrous metals. The assemblage also contains antiques, especially in the
form of a La Tène belt hook.
Roman Iron Age, Marcomannic Wars, copper metallurgy, imports, roads, ritual activities, Moravia
V letech 2010–2016 byl prováděn detektorový průzkum v bezprostředním okolí zaniklých cest v k. ú. Křenov (okr. Svitavy, Pardubický kraj, Česká republika). Mimo jiné byl objeven depot sestávající z železné radlice a čepele meče typu Bell-Zemplín, kterou lze zařadit do pozdní doby laténské až časné doby římské. Z prospekce dále pochází hrot meče z doby římské zhotovený technikou damasku. Nálezy s největší pravděpodobností souvisí s překonáváním obtížného úseku na soudobé komunikaci.
This research was focused on the analysis of material composition and organic residues present in three molds found in the Moravian region (Czech Republic) belonging to the Roman era. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy pointed out the possible remelting of Roman objects in Barbarian territory. The analysis of organic residues retrieved from the internal part of mold #2 by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry proved the presence of ozokerite wax (“earth wax”). Consequent analysis of this organic residue by Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe–ion mobility spectrometry–high-resolution mass spectrometry (ASAP-IMS-HRMS) confirmed the presence of ceresin, the main component of ozokerite. Ceresin was also detected in a sample of the organic residue from mold #1. Note that this is the first application of ASAP-IMS-HRMS in archaeological research. The remains of earth wax in molds suggest the production of wax models as an intermediate stage for the production of lost-wax ceramic casting molds.
In 2017, a luxury bronze bucket was discovered near Kladina village in the Czech Republic. The bucket is dated to the ninth century BCE, and it is a unique artefact, having no parallel in Europe. Stylistically, it is a "transition type" dated between the Late Bronze Age (11 th -10 th century BCE) and the Hallstatt Period (eighth-sixth century BCE). Detailed palynological analysis of verdigris and soil infill of the bucket identified a wide range of pollen grains belonging mainly to herbs, with bitter-sour properties, and cereals. Subsequent chemical analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of soil extracts revealed the presence of the compound miliacin that is a chemical marker of millet. Moreover, a starch analysis reveals the presence of enzymatically modified starch grains. These data, with the help of archaeological knowledge, indicate
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