Abstract. Current developments in Germany have led to severe consequences for the configuration of working times of medical and nursing personnel in hospitals. They underline the necessity to arrange work processes and personnel employment as efficiently as possible. In this context, the current project "Process Optimization and Efficient Personnel Employment in Hospitals" has set the goal of developing a simulation-based procedure for the analysis of working time model. This procedure shall which can be used to explore the advantages and possibilities of working time models in hospitals based on simulation investigations and to derive configuration recommendations. The flexible alignment of the personnel capacity with the capacity requirements for patient treatment is used to achieve a high degree of patient-oriented service in medical tasks in order to help hospitals efficiently employ available personnel resources as well as to realize personnel-oriented goals. This article will introduce the developed concept for a simulation-based configuration of working times.
Hospitals as Patient-oriented EnterprisesIn 2001 hospitals in Germany account for approximately 62 bn Euro and 1.1 m employed persons ([1], pp. 13). In comparison to production enterprises or other service areas, hospitals are characterized by several structural particularities: -week. Additionally, a great deal of night-work must be carried out.-As in other service industries, the workload fluctuates greatly since it is primarily determined by the stochastic arrival of patients. Furthermore, the patients must usually be treated immediately.-Furthermore, decisions regarding treatment are often made based on incomplete information, causing operations to be highly individual and very difficult to plan. The operating hours for hospitals are generally 24 hours a day and seven days a Volume 257, Lean Business Systems and Beyond, Tomasz Koch, ed.; (Boston: Springer), pp. 493-501.
494Gert Zülch, Patricia Stock, and Jan Hrdina -In comparison to production enterprises and many other service industries, which are dominated by organizational goals, patient-oriented goals are of primary concern in h ospitals -The occupational health and safety as well as hygiene requirements of the medical and nursing personnel must be taken into account during treatment workflows. In addition to these general conditions, hospitals have recently been experiencing serious changes, which are above all affected by three developments: -Since 01.01.2004 the German hospital financing is a fixed-price system based on the "German Diagnosis Related Groups" (G-DRGs), in which only a fixed amount per patient case is paid by the health insurances under public law. The hospitals are thus forced to work in a highly cost-efficient and transparent manner in order to cope with the ever-increasing cost pressure. Therefore, the costs optimization of the personnel area of a hospital has a significant impact on the hospital's total costs since at least two thirds thereof can be ascribed to this are...
In order to follow the principles of sustainability disassembly of endof-life products is necessary for the re-use of their parts and sub-assemblies. In contrast to production control of assembly systems, disassembly lines feature some peculiarities: Used components can be proven to be non-detachable or even missing, so that with increasing disassembling progress the desired components can no longer be gained, and there is a threat that the stations and workers assigned to them would remain idle. This paper describes a procedure for controlling division of labor-based lines, which follow the flow principle and are tailored to the specific features of disassembly control. It aims at maximizing the disassembly proceeds and the utilization of the disassembly stations, but it also considers the uniformity of their utilization. Thereby future disassembly lines can be operated in a way that efficiently counters the increasing volume of end-of-life products to be disassembled. The effectiveness of the procedure is verified by means of a simulation-supported application study.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.