are prepared from the elements under addition of presynthesized TiAl by self-propagating high-temperature reactions (1396 • C). The samples are characterized by powder XRD. The use of TiAl significantly reduces the combustion temperature, resulting in the formation of ternary Ti-Al-C phases.
A certain class of refractory materials can be synthesized in the sintering or in the self-propagating regime by a direct reaction between the metal powder and carbon, boron, or silicon. A detailed analysis and modeling of such processes are given. Criteria are derived for stable, unstable, and degenerated combustion as well as approximate relations for the velocity of a constant-pattern profile, as a function of the heat-transfer coefficient. The approximate formulas are verified by a detailed numerical study. Different types of combustion (constant-pattern profiles, standing waves, and complex oscillatory behavior) have been observed.
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