Neuromuscular Diseases are a heterogeneous molecular, clinical and prognosis group. Progress has been achieved in the understanding and classification of these diseases. Cardiac involvement in neuromuscular diseases namely conduction disorders, ventricular dilatation and dilated cardiomyopathy with its impact on prognosis, is often dissociated from the peripheral myopathy. Therefore, close surveillance is mandatory in the affected patients. In this context, preventive therapy (beta-blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) has been recently recommended in the most common Neuromuscular Diseases, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Myotonic Dystrophy.
L'infarctus du myocarde (IDM) représente une cause majeure de mortalité cardiovasculaire. L'IDM inférieur représente 30 à 50% de l'ensemble des infarctus avec un pronostic favorable par rapport à l'infarctus antérieur. Le but de notre travail est d'étudier les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, électriques, échocardiographiques et angiographiques de l'IDM inférieur, ainsi que ses complications et ses modalités thérapeutiques. Sur une période de 3 ans, nous avons admis 720 patients pour ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) dont 103 de topographie inférieure soit une fréquence de 14,3%. On note une nette prédominance masculine avec une moyenne d'âge de 58 ans pour les hommes et 62 ans pour les femmes. Le tabagisme représente le principal facteur de risque cardiovasculaire retrouvé dans 57,28% des cas. L'infarctus ventricule droit (VD) est objectivé chez 11,65% des malades. La moitié de ces patients ont présenté une instabilité hémodynamique. Le Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) 3 ème degré a été diagnostiqué chez 12,6% des patients. Sur le plan thérapeutique, sept malades ont été thrombolysés et 42 ont bénéficié d'une coronarographie. La lésion coupable de l'IDM inférieur était la coronaire droite dans 53% des cas et l'artère circonflexe dans 47%. La coronaire droite est responsable de l'infarctus VD dans 100% des cas. L'angioplastie coronaire est réalisée chez 18 patients dans la suite de la coronarographie. Onze malades ont bénéficié d'une angioplastie transluminale (ATL) de la coronaire droite et celle de la circonflexe est réalisée chez 2 malades. La mortalité précoce à 30 jours est estimée à 1,94%. Dans le groupe de patients présentant un infarctus VD, la mortalité est aux alentours de 17%.
BackgroundLeft ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a recently recognized rare disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help to clarify the uncertainties related to this genetic cardiomyopathy. Despite the fact that many articles have been published concerning the use of MRI in the study of LVNC, there is a lack of data describing the disease in the North African population. The aim of our study is to clarify MRI findings of LVNC in North African patients.MethodsIn our retrospective cohort, twelve patients (7 male, mean age 53 ± 8 years) underwent MRI for suspected LVNC. Correlations were investigated between the number of non-compacted segments per patient and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), then between the number of non-compacted segments and left ventricular end diastolic diameter. The presence or absence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was qualitatively determined for each left ventricular myocardial segment.ResultsNon-compaction was more commonly observed at the apex, the anterior and the lateral walls, especially on their apical and mid-cavity segments. 83% of patients had impaired LVEF. There was no correlation between the number of non-compacted segments per patient and LVEF (r = -0.361; p = 0.263), nor between the number of non-compacted segments per patient and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (r = 0.280; p = 0.377). LGE was observed in 22 left ventricular segments. No association was found between the pattern of fibrosis and non-compaction distribution (OR = 2.2, CI [0.91-5.55], p = 0.076).ConclusionThe distribution of LVNC in North African patients does not differ from other populations. Ventricular dysfunction is independent from the number of non-compacted segments. Myocardial fibrosis is not limited to non-compacted areas but can extend to compacted segments.
The Kounis-Zavras syndrome is defined as the coincidental occurrence of acute coronary events and hypersensitivity reactions following an allergic reaction including a mast-cell degranulation of vasospastic mediators. This report describes a case of Kounis-Zavras syndrome in the setting of aspirin-induced asthma also known as Samter-Beer triad combining nasal polyps, asthma, and aspirin allergy leading to vasospasm and myocardial infarction. All physicians should be aware of The Kounis syndrome and always keep that unique clinical entity in mind to recognize it promptly and direct the therapy at suppressing the allergic reaction.
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