High parental involvement has consistently been shown to enhance academic achievement among Latino youth. Still, some youth continue to thrive academically despite low parental involvement. The Theory of Rationality suggests that the impact of even potentially negative behaviors depends on how the behavior is interpreted. To test the application of this theory to parental "noninvolvement" among Latinos, we assessed how adolescent rationales about their parents' noninvolvement in their schooling affected grade point average (GPA). Results showed that parental lack of transportation and feeling unwelcomed at school as reasons for noninvolvement were significantly and negatively related to GPA, and conflict with work schedule was significantly and positively related to GPA. Other reasons for noninvolvement were not significantly associated with GPA. Findings indicate that the meaning adolescents attribute to parental
This study examined the effects of parenting styles on career decision‐making self‐efficacy (CDMSE) in a sample of 97 U.S. college students. Regression analyses, controlling for parental education, age, academic year, and gender, revealed that authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles were significantly positively associated with CDMSE; alternatively, permissive parenting was not a significant predictor of CDMSE in college students. The findings indicate that parenting styles can influence college students’ CDMSE. Implications for practice are provided.
Introduction: Few studies have considered the importance of kin or extended family relationships on future orientation. Additionally, some of the underlying processes linking social bonds to future orientation remain poorly understood. Based on theoretical work focused on attachment and identity, this study tested the potential mediating effects of ethnic identity on the links between close relationships (maternal closeness and kinship ties) and future orientation over time. Specifically, the study tested the extent to which ethnic identity mediated the relationship between maternal closeness and future orientation, and the relationship between kinship ties and future orientation. In addition, it tested whether sex moderated the relationships between maternal closeness/kinship ties and future orientation measures (education and career) as well as between ethnic identity and future orientation measures. Methods: Self-report data were collected twice, approximately 6 months apart, during a school year from a sample of rural African American adolescents (n = 274, M age = 14.81, SD = 1.48). Results: Findings provided evidence of mediation effects by ethnic identity on the relationships between maternal closeness and future orientation measures, and the link between kinship ties and future orientation measures. In addition, sex moderated the associations between ethnic identity and future education orientation as well as between maternal closeness and future education orientation; no moderation effects were found for the links with future career orientation measures. Conclusions: Maternal closeness and kinship ties appear to be critical for supporting ethnic identity and for developing educational and career future orientation among rural African American youth.
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