This pilot study compared the effects of a 1-day preventive behavioral intervention (ACT) to TAU in at-risk veterans undergoing orthopedic surgery. Three months following the intervention, veterans receiving ACT exhibited quicker cessation of pain and opioid use. Focusing on preoperative pain management may help prevent chronic postsurgical pain.

Background Migraine is a common and disabling disorder that is highly comorbid with depression. The comorbidity of depression and migraine is a major health concern as it results in poorer prognosis and quality of life. Yet, effective treatments have rarely been investigated. Method 45 Patients with comorbid migraine and depression were assigned to a 1-day Acceptance and Commitment Training plus Migraine Education workshop (ACT-ED; N=31) or to Wait List/Treatment as Usual (WL/TAU; N=14). Assessment of depressive symptoms, general functioning, and migraine related disability were completed at baseline and 2-, 6-, and 12 weeks after the workshop. Results At the 3-month follow up, participants in the ACT-ED condition exhibited significantly greater improvements in depressive symptoms, general functioning, and migraine-related disability than patients in the WL/TAU group. Conclusion A 1-day ACT-ED workshop is a promising approach to the treatment for depression and disability in migraineurs that merits further investigation.

The results of this first trial of ACT for aggressive behavior indicate that the ACT group significantly reduced both physical and psychological aggression and that these changes were significantly greater than those of the control group, suggesting that an ACT approach to aggression may serve as an efficacious treatment for aggression.

We administered hypnosis instructions to patients before third molar surgery. Anxiety was reduced, but there was an increase in the incidence of vomiting. Although an easy and cost-effective method, the value of this approach remains to be established.

Objective To determine whether a 1-day behavioral intervention, aimed at enhancing psychological flexibility, improves headache outcomes of migraine patients with comorbid depression. Background Migraine is often comorbid with depression, with each disorder increasing the risk for onset and exacerbation of the other. Managing psychological triggers, such as stress and depression, may result in greater success of headache management. Method Sixty patients with comorbid migraine and depression were assigned to a 1-day Acceptance and Commitment Training plus Migraine Education workshop (ACT-ED; N=38) or to Treatment as Usual (TAU; N=22). Patients completed a daily headache diary prior to, and for 3 months following, the intervention. Clinical variables examined included headache frequency/severity, medication use, disability, and visit to a healthcare professional. Comparisons were made between baseline findings and findings at the 3-month follow-up. Results Participants assigned to the ACT-ED condition exhibited significant improvements in headache frequency, headache severity, medication use, and headache-related disability. In contrast, the TAU group did not exhibit improvements. The difference in headache outcomes between ACT-ED and TAU was not statistically significant over time (i.e., the treatment by time interaction was non-significant). These results complement those of a previous report showing effects of ACT-ED verus TAU on depression and disability (1). Conclusion A 1-day ACT-ED workshop targeting psychological flexibility may convey benefit for patients with comorbid migraine and depression. These pilot study findings merit further investigation using a more rigorously designed large-scale trial.

Pain acceptance can contribute to our understanding of psychological health and functioning. An important next step would be to examine whether targeting acceptance in treatment of patients with migraine would lead to improvements in their mental health and functioning.

In patients with migraine, depression is associated with poorer medical prognosis, decreased quality of life, and increased risk of suicidality and disability; yet, behavioral interventions have rarely been investigated. The current study compared the efficacy of two 1-day (5-to 6-h) interventions for co-occurring migraine and depression: (1) acceptance and commitment therapy plus migraine education (ACT-ED), and (2) support plus migraine education (S-ED). One hundred and thirty-six patients with comorbid depression and migraine were randomized to a treatment. One hundred and three (76%) completed the ACT-ED (N = 56) or S-ED (N = 47) workshop. Primary outcomes were depression diagnosis and symptoms. Secondary outcomes were anxiety symptoms, headache-related disability and general functioning, and quality of life. Assessments were completed at baseline and 3 and 6 months following the workshop. At the 6-month follow-up, on categorical outcomes, a significantly greater number of people in the ACT-ED condition no longer met criteria for a major depressive episode and exhibited a > 50% drop in symptoms on the Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression. Similarly, though, weaker results were found when examining depressive symptoms dimensionally. On secondary outcomes, people in the ACT-ED condition exhibited significantly greater improvements in anxiety, headache-related disability, and quality of social relationships, compared to S-ED, No differences between groups were observed in general functioning. A 1-day (5-to 6-h) ACT workshop can deliver substantial and lasting benefits to depressed migraineurs, over and above those provided by group support and education. This approach is an attractive alternative to weekly psychotherapy. Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT02108678

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