Learning disabilities is a generic term that refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning or mathematical abilities. These disorders are intrinsic to the individual and presumed to be due to central nervous system dysfunction. Even though a learning disability may occur concomitantly with other handicapping conditions (e.g., sensory impairment, mental retardation, social and emotional disturbance) or environmental influences (e.g., cultural differences, insufficient/inappropriate instruction, psychogenic factors), it is not the direct result of those conditions or influences.In 1981, after prolonged discussion and compromise, the representatives of the six organizations that constitute the National Joint Committee for Learning Disabilities (NJCLD) reached unanimous agreement on a new definition of learning disabilities. The NJCLD comprises representatives from: the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), the Association for Children and Adults with Learning Disabilities (ACLD), the Council for Learning Disabilities (CLD), the Division for Children with Communication Disorders (DCCD), the International Reading Association (IRA), and The Orton Dyslexia Society (formerly The Orton Society).As the definition will undoubtedly receive considerable attention from the professional community, we felt that the membership of CLD would be interested in knowing (a) the reasons why the NJCLD considered a new statement to be needed; (b) the procedures followed by the Committee in generating the definition; (c) the Committee's intended meaning for each phrase in the definition; and (d) the current status of the definition. We would like to point out that this article is based on our participation (as CLD representatives) in the NJCLD meetings. To ensure accuracy, we have asked all NJCLD members who participated in the formulation of this definition to review this manuscript prior to its publication.
In this paper, we attempt to answer the question: "is the Cypriot educational system a melting pot of every alien civilization and a kettle of cultural assimilation that perpetuates biases, cliches, racist behaviours and cultivates the idea that the different have no place among us?" We closely examine the case of a girl from Iran in a Cypriot primary school, using naturalistic observation models of research. Through the analysis of two vignettes, we attempt to answer the question posed above. We simultaneously reflect critically on the situation of multicultural education in Cyprus, while presenting its prospects for the future.
Learning disabilities is a generic term that refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning or mathematical abilities. These disorders are intrinsic to the individual and presumed to be due to central nervous system dysfunction. Even though a learning disability may occur concomitantly with other handicapping conditions (e.g., sensory impairment, mental retardation, social and emotional disturbance) or environmental influences (e.g., cultural differences, insufficient/inappropriate instruction, psychogenic factors), it is not the direct result of those conditions or influences.In 1981, after prolonged discussion and compromise, the representatives of the six organizations that constitute the National Joint Committee for Learning Disabilities (NJCLD) reached unanimous agreement on a new definition of learning disabilities. The NJCLD comprises representatives from: the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), the Association for Children and Adults with Learning Disabilities (ACLD), the Council for Learning Disabilities (CLD), the Division for Children with Communication Disorders (DCCD), the International Reading Association (IRA), and The Orton Dyslexia Society (formerly The Orton Society).As the definition will undoubtedly receive considerable attention from the professional community, we felt that the membership of CLD would be interested in knowing (a) the reasons why the NJCLD considered a new statement to be needed; (b) the procedures followed by the Committee in generating the definition; (c) the Committee's intended meaning for each phrase in the definition; and (d) the current status of the definition. We would like to point out that this article is based on our participation (as CLD representatives) in the NJCLD meetings. To ensure accuracy, we have asked all NJCLD members who participated in the formulation of this definition to review this manuscript prior to its publication.
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