Vanillic acid, which is potentially available from lignin, was converted to dibasic acids by etherifying the phenolic hydroxyl group with alkylene dihalides. The dibasic acids were esterified with ethylene glycol and condensed to linear polyesters. The polyesters were converted to fibers by melt spinning. The fibers could be stretched, preferably in a warm water bath, to give fibers with good tenacity and increased crystallinity as shown by birefringence measurements. The polyester obtained from ethylenedivanillic acid melted at 210°C. but softened and shrank at 80°C.
Protocatechuic acid which is available from tree sources was converted to a hydroxymethyl‐1,4‐benzodioxan carboxylic acid by reaction with epichlorohydrin. This hydroxy acid was condensed by heating under vacuum to from a linear polyester which was converted to fibers by melt spinning. By applying stretch during spinning a fiber with a tenacity of 4.4 g. per denier, a melting point of 210°C. and a softening point of 145°C. was obtained. Removal of one of the isomers formed in the preparation materially raised the softening point and raised the melting point above the decomposition temperature.
Job applicants with a history of severe emotional disturbance have recently become a major problem for those concerned with personnel selection. Some employers have adopted an explicit policy forbidding the hiring of people known to have such a history on the assumption that they do not represent good employment risks. Probably the majority, however, have established no specific policy, preferring to leave the matter to the discretion of individual employment interviewers. Prior to World War II the problem of establishing policy was, in fact, rarely raised, since interviewers found it very difficult to obtain specific information from applicants.Since the war it has become common practice to examine the discharge papers of applicants, or at least inquire about the conditions under which a man was separated from military service. Consequently, many personnel managers have become increasingly aware of the very considerable incidence of mental disease in the population. Unfortunately, however, little information is available as to the subsequent work histories of men who have suffered from severe emotional disturbances. Employers, caught between a very definite social pressure to hire all disabled veterans and their own misgivings as to the value of men with a history of neurosis or psychosis as workers, have lacked the factual data necessary to making valid policy decisions.The present paper represents an attempt to, at least in part, fill this gap, utilizing data gathered in connection with the Conservation of Human Resources Project's study of in-
18 variously-biased phrasings of 2 questions were administered by 20 interviewers pretending to endorse the given phrasing to 1164 college students. Random telephone interviews and quota personal interviews indicated that substantial ‘changes' in ‘opinion’ (on the order of about 13%) could be effected.
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