This study evaluated the assumption that the family relations of female delinquents are more dysfunctional than those of male delinquents. In a 2 X 2 (gender by delinquency status) design, 32 intact families were matched on demographic variables, and the male and female delinquents were matched on arrest data. Mothers, fathers, and adolescents were administered a self-report personality inventory and were observed during a family interaction task. Consistent with the extant literature, families of delinquents had low rates of facilitative information exchange and delinquent adolescents were more dominant toward their mothers than were well-adjusted adolescents. It was also observed that fathers of delinquents were more dominant toward their wives than were fathers of well-adjusted adolescents. In regard to the primary purpose of the study, it was observed that mother-adolescent dyads and parents in families of female delinquents had higher rates of conflict than their counterparts in families of male delinquents. In addition, the fathers of female delinquents were more neurotic than the fathers of male delinquents. These findings provide some support for the view that the families of female delinquents are especially dysfunctional.
The current study tested the relative influence of relationship variables in the family of origin and sexual abuse characteristics in predicting the long-term adjustment of child sexual abuse survivors. A total of 103 subjects, 45 of whom had histories of sexual abuse, completed self-report measures of perceived parental conflict, paternal dominance, current psychological distress, social support and dyadic relationships, and a questionnaire on their experiences of childhood sexual abuse. Persons with histories of sexual abuse reported greater parental conflict than did their nonabused counterparts. On the basis of multiple regression analyses in which sexual abuse variables and family variables were entered simultaneously, parental conflict, paternal dominance, and sexual abuse made independent contributions to subjects' psychosocial adjustment. These findings support the importance of family relationships in the long-term adjustment of victims of both intrafamilial and extrafamilial child sexual abuse.
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