We use computer simulations to investigate self-assembly in a system of model chaperonin proteins, and in an Ising lattice gas. We discuss the mechanisms responsible for rapid and efficient assembly in these systems, and we use measurements of dynamical activity and assembly progress to compare their propensities for kinetic trapping. We use the analytic solution of a simple minimal model to illustrate the key features associated with such trapping, paying particular attention to the number of ways that particles can misbind. We discuss the relevance of our results for the design and control of self-assembly in general.
The generalized dual series solution to the scattering of an E-polarized (E-pol) plane wave from an infinite circular cylinder having ?n infinite axial slot and enclosing an infinite concentric impedance cylinder is presented. This solufion explicitly exhibits the correct edge behavior, and it can handle cylinders that are either electrically small or large without special considerations. The angle of incidence is arbitrary. A variety of current, field, and cross-section results are presented. These are compared with the corresponding If-pol problem results to establish the polarization dependencies of the aperture coupling. It is also shown that effects corresponding to the presence of the interior cavity dominate dl of the scattering data. In particnlar, the bistatic cross sections in either case and the current induced along an interior wire in the E-pol case exhibit new resonance features that fire due to the cavity-backed nature of the aperture.
First-principles total-energy calculations for solid boron predict a transition from the insulating o.-rhombohedral phase first to a metallic body-centered-tetragonal structure at 210 GPa and subsequently to a face-centered-cubic structure at 360 GPa. %'hile the possibility of intervening phases not considered here cannot be ruled out, it is argued that 210 GPa is an upper bound for the onset of a sequence of structural transitions by which boron evolves from a covalent insulator to a trivalent metal more like its neighbor Al.
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