16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) Water-quai]. ty Ga Ea-·coileC:fed in .TFie ___ upper._bys ter Creek .drain-age bas in indicate that the stream has excellent water quality except for a persistently low pH. The mean concentrations of the major inorganic ions were all less than 6.0 mg/L. Mean concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 0.15 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L, respectively. Dissolved oxygen averaged 8.7 mg/L and 81 percent saturation.Low pH levels are typical of streams draining cedar swamps. In Oyster Creek, the pH tended to decrease downstream due to chemical and biological processes. The pH levels in swamps were one-half unit or more lower than the pH levels in the adjacent stream.Sharp declines in stream pH were noted during runoff periods as the result of the mixing of poorly-buffered stream water with more highly acidic water from surrounding swamp areas.The quality of ground water within the study area was similar to the quality of streamflow, except for higher iron and ammonia-nitrogen concentrations and a higher pH range of 4.9-6.5. Precipitation represented a major source of many chemical constituents in the ground-and surface-waters of Oyster Creek basin.17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors i~"Water quality, i~"acidic water, 'i'I"New Jerse-y, hydt'ogen ion concentration, surface water, ground water, precipitation (atmospheric), swamps. Low pH is typical of streams draining cedar swamps. Within the study area, pH tended to decrease downstream due to chemical and biological processes. The pH in swampy areas was half a unit or more below the pH in the adjacent stream.Sharp declines'in stream pH were noted during runoff as the result of the mixing of poorly buffered stream water with more highly acidic water from surrounding swamp areas. These pH declines severely hinder brook trout survival due to the toxic effect of highly acidic water.The quality of ground water was similar to the quality of streamflow, except for higher iron and ammonia-nitrogen concentrations and a pH range of 4.9 to 6.5. The highest concentrations of most chemical constituents were found in the ground water within the organic muck beneath swamp areas.The quality of precipitation on the area was also similar to the quality of streamflow. The pH of precipitation ranged from 4.2 to 1.0. Precipitation represents a major source of many chemical constituents in the water of the Oyster Creek basin.
Boundaries of the hydrologic cataloging units for the United States were digitized from a 1:2,500,000 scale map. The data set produced is continuous across the conterminous United States, and should be very useful for national and regional studies of water resources and displays of choropleth maps of data applicable to the units.
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