In this article, we present a model for thinking about how learning settings provide resources for the development of the practice-linked identities of participants, drawing on data from a study on an African American high school track and field team. What does it mean to make an identity available in the context of a learning setting? In this article, we draw on current theories in anthropology, psychology, sociology, and sociocultural theory to develop a conceptual frame that might be helpful in addressing these questions. We focus on how individuals are offered (and how they take up) identities in cultural activities. We define three types of identity resources that were made available to student-athletes learning to run track and explore how they took shape in teaching and learning interactions in track. [identity, learning, African American students, culture]

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The effect of the weathering processes generated by Lecidea aff. Sarcogynoides (Koerb.) on the substrate was studied by means of a scanning electron microscope. The elements present in the substrate (Magaliesberg quartzite) and in the lichen thallus were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the purpose of comparison. The elements present were mostly similar although a few were present in the thallus which were not observed in the quartzite. It is possible that those elements present in the lichen thallus which were not present in the substrate may have been extracted from the atmosphere. The occurrence of small hollows (weathering pits) in which the early stages of plant development occurs, and the disintegration of the rock indicate that Lecidea aff. sarcogynoides (Koerb.) contributes to the chemical weathering processes by chelation and mechanically by the penetration and expansion of hyphae. A model is proposed in which a possible mechanism for these weathering processes is suggested.

This study used the construct of “lyricism” as an instructional practice to explore the identity connections and cognitive learning potential embedded in instruction in a culturally relevant context. Through a 5‐week mixed methods study of students using the principles of lyricism (e.g., metaphor, double entendre, personification, polysemy, simile, and analogy), we used content analysis and interviews to analyze five students’ experiences learning science through lyricism. Our resulting analysis highlighted the generative potential of lyricism as a teaching tool, as students were required to develop a detailed understanding of the concept being taught to complete the lyrical tasks associated with the activity. We discovered that students developed a detailed understanding of the concepts while concurrently developing a rich appreciation of the scientific language they learned in the process. In this way, using lyricism as a teaching tool was paramount to the construction of a “third space” for science teaching and learning.

/ In this article a model is proposed that could be used as a basis for ecological planning of natural resources. The role of people as part of the ecosystem is emphasized, and the various factors that should be considered in such planning are discussed.An understanding of ecological planning is dependent on the study of human activities in, and the nature of, natural ecosystems. It also depends on the fact that people are a part of nature, and as a result nature is of value to humans. Realizing the importance of this principle is a prerequisite to studying nature and also for an understanding of the various steps in the ecological planning approach.Realization of these values is often through a series of activities that may result in a negative environmental impact. Nature is described as an interacting group of natural features and processes. In this study both the features and processes are described as natural resources. The use of these natural resources obviously affects them, and if this use is to continue over a long period, both the activity and the resource must be understood if they are to be maintained in a productive state. In order to limit impact and maintain value, a planning aid called zoning is used to assist in the understanding of the processes involved.The complex social composition of the population of South Africa has resulted in conditions similar to those existing in both first-and third-world countries. The vast difference in approach of these two types of development categories is illustrated by planning proposals for the highly industrialized Johannesburg complex on the one hand and remote rural areas such as Maputaland in northern Natal (Tinley and Van Riet 1981) on the other. Relationship between People and Their EnvironmentPeople have always been dependent on nature and it is clear that, for our continued existence, natural resources will have to be utilized and managed properly. The evolution of human social structure has continued through changes in methods of tapping the energy flow in our environment. According to Cohen (1971), changes in the method of tapping this energy have caused an increased impact on the system. In the long term, however, the continued use of the available natural resources will depend on our knowledge of the functioning of such natural resources. Human cultural