The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of pregnant women disclosing Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and seeking help from Health Care Professionals (HCPs) at public Hospitals in Jordan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 pregnant women. The findings revealed that the women were not satisfied with the care providers' procedures, responses, or follow-up. Women also preferred to discuss IPV issues with females, experts, and same age or older HCPs. Lack of privacy, continuity of care, time constraints, and barriers for disclosing were dominant themes that emerged from women's contacts with HCPs. Women felt more able to disclose IPV if they were confident that circumstances would be safe enough to do so. HCPs require specialized and structured training programs in IPV screening and case management.

No abstract

In Jordan, women experience considerable levels of different types of violence. The emerging data from different countries indicate that intimate partner violence (IPV) has intensified since the COVID-19 outbreak. The main purpose of the current study is to find out whether there is any difference in the incidence of IPV during and before the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine and whether any sociodemographical factors are related to the incidence of IPV against pregnant women during quarantine. A cross-sectional, correlational design was in this study. The snowball sampling technique was adopted to select the participants, which produced a nonrepresentative sample of 215 pregnant women. The participants completed the Arabic version of the World Health Organization’s Domestic Violence Questionnaire Screening Tool (DVQST). We found that women were exposed to different types of IPV before and during the quarantine. The most prevalent form of IPV was control and humiliation ( n 172, 80%) and the least prevalent was sexual violence (( n 33, 15.3%), ( n 24, 11.2%), respectively). However, there were statistically significant lower DVQST scores during the COVID-19 quarantine than before the quarantine. All types of IPV are significantly correlated with each other and with relationship problems (marital conflict, verbal fighting, understanding each other). While the findings are not generalizable to the general population of pregnant women in Jordan because the sample consisted only of women of high socioeconomic status due to the use of a nonprobability sampling technique, national campaigns should be developed and implemented in order to reduce IPV and change community behaviors and attitudes toward violence against women. It is also recommended that policymakers develop plans to help pregnant women during quarantine by, for example, training care providers on how to access vulnerable women.

The aims of this study were to investigate the women's current reproductive health (RH) status, depression levels, and to clarify the relationships between the violence against women and depression and the RH components. Three hundred women participated in the study. Data were collected from the Women Health Center (WHC) in Prince Faisal hospital in Rusaifa, Jordan. The findings revealed that around 25.9%, 13.1%, 83.2%, and 65.1% of the participant women had been exposed to physical, sexual, control, and psychological violence, respectively. Around 77.7% of women were using contraceptives; oral contraceptives and intrauterine devices (IUDs) were the most common family planning methods used. In addition, the results revealed that 50% of women were suffering from significant levels of depression. A positive relationship between exposure to all violence types and women's depression levels was found but not for all RH components.

Background Resilience has a paramount role in dealing with different life stressors and has a great impact on mental health. Aim To assess the level of resilience among university students and explore the relation between resilience and a number of variables including psychological well-being, self-esteem and physical health. Methods A cross-sectional design was utilized. Data was collected from 676 university students. Students were required to complete a demographic sheet, Brief Resilience Scale, World Health Organization Well-Being Index, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a physical health survey. Results Overall, less than half of the participants have reported low levels of resilience (45.3%; n = 306). Regular sleep, perceived stress, WHO well-being index, self-esteem, and having a cumulative GPA of more than two, were factors that significantly predicted positive resilience in multivariate analysis. Conclusion Resilience is a necessary skill among university students that requires more academic attention. Factors predicting positive resilience should be considered when implementing mental health promotion programs.