This paper discusses the usage of high gain steerable antenna arrays operating at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies for future cellular networks (5G). Based on the probable outline of the 5G networks, a method for characterizing phased array antennas in cellular handsets has been introduced. For analyzing the performance, the total scan pattern of the array configuration together with its respective coverage efficiency are essential to consider in order to compare different antenna designs and topology approaches with each other. Two design approaches and sub-array schemes of these have been considered in order to illustrate the relevance of such a characterization method. The results show the importance of evaluating potential array antennas in such manners. The method can be applied to much more complex system models, where polarization diversity, hand-and body effect and statistical modeling of the channel may be included.Index Terms-Coverage efficiency, coverage range, coverage probability, 5G cellular networks, millimeter wave, mobile antennas, phased arrays, total scan pattern.

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This paper describes a body area network for measuring an electrocardiogram signal and transmitting it to a smartphone via Bluetooth for data analysis. The body area network uses a specially designed planar inverted F-antenna whose design prioritizes size, cost and efficiency. Due to the human body's electrical properties, the antenna was designed to enable surface wave propagation around the body. The system utilizes the user's own smartphone for data processing, while the built in communications can be used to raise an alarm if a heart attack is detected. This is managed by an application for Andriod smartphones that has been developed for this project. The system works for all defined user cases.