Circular hollow sections (CHS) offer a variety of constructional and architectural advantages. Up to now, hollow section structures have usually been connected by welding, and more rarely by bolting. However, these established connection methods have disadvantages. Despite its great success in the mobility sector, adhesive bonding is not yet used for joining hollow steel sections in steel construction. Adhesive bonding, however, has significant advantages, especially if combined with classical joining processes. To highlight these advantages, this article presents excerpts from the results obtained in two recently completed research projects. First, a hybrid brace connection for hollow section framework structures is presented which combines welding, bolting and adhesive bonding methods. In addition, the loadbearing behaviour of a novel hybrid grouted connection, which advantageously combines adhesive and grout materials, is analysed and discussed in this paper.
For the development of a new hybrid construction method combining the materials steel and timber for linear load-carrying elements subjected to bending loads, different joining methods were investigated. The joining methods were 1) dowel-type fasteners, partly in combination with higher friction in the shear plane and 2) continuous joints, mainly by bonding with adhesives. Tests were carried out to investigate the maximum load-carrying capacity as well as the stiffness of the joints, aiming to transfer the results to the linear load-carrying elements. Where applicable, nominal shear stresses were evaluated. The tests with dowel-type fasteners were mainly carried out to create reference values to compare to the other joining methods. The results with the modified surfaces to increase friction in the shear plane were quite promising regarding the initial stiffness, however, further research of the surface modification has to be carried out. The specimens with continuous joints can be regarded analytically as fully bonded. Bonded specimens with additional bolts combine high stiffness with a residual load-carrying capacity after shear failure of the timber of 30-40% of the maximum load.
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