An empirical study of ex post facto type was carried out using, as a primary source, the database of the Direction of Management of Control of the Subdirector of Management of Customs Control in the Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales (DIAN) of Colombia and applying the hierarchical ascending classification of contraband apprehensions in Colombia (2015-2016), in order to review the effectiveness of the law 1762 2015. The large amount of data was worked using data mining techniques such as: conglomerates and clustering. Through this method, it was possible to identify six conglomerates that explain 97.14% of the data variability. Similar behaviors were identified in some areas such as the border with Venezuela, the southern border of Colombia, but not in coastal areas. Because it is common that the quantities apprehended does not have a direct relationship with the value of the same, it is necessary to identify if this situation is due to a change in the typology of contraband products, the effect of the exchange rate, or deficiencies in the valuation techniques.
This study presents a comparative analysis of the management of innovation among family and non-family companies of the Graphic Communication Industry in Colombia. For which a questionnaire was applied in order to know the divergences in the innovation process carried out by these two types of organizations. From this, the methodology of Generalized Linear Models (MLG) was used and the Bayesian inference was used on the parameters of the model, analyzing the effect of the family business, the products that commercialize on the management of innovation in goods observed as a product tangible Obtaining in this way, the identification of some characteristics of innovation management and divergences with non-family companies, among them: a tendency towards the type of preferred innovation, the different sources and objectives to innovate, and the factors that hinder its process of innovation keywords Bayesian inference, Family and non-family business, Innovation management, Logistic mode, lMCMC
Public policies face major challenges to their consolidation and stability that force rulers to make significant political efforts to keep them alive. Some of these challenges occur by the adjustment of the policy’s idea as an attempt to reduce the possible difficulties caused by public confrontation, thus better adapting them to the reference frame of the actors. Such is the case of Colombia’s drug control policy which did not have sufficient legitimacy to be carried out, despite international pressure, but it was later coupled to the international agenda as a national need. By using the critical discourse analysis, this study verifies how the discursive transformation of this policy took place and the cognitive mechanisms used to reinterpret it as a matter of national security and not international co-responsibility, which allowed consolidation of the current prohibitionist strategy. The results of the study reveal an interpretation of the drug trafficking problem as a threat to the institutional order, which reduces the confrontation capacity of the critics of the proposed policy.
La crisis social y económica ocasionada por la pandemia del Covid-19 abrió una ventana de oportunidad para que el tema de la renta básica monetaria entrara con fuerza a discusión en la esfera pública colombiana, al punto de que en el Congreso de la República se presentaron cuatro proyectos de ley para hacerla realidad. Este artículo analiza, a partir del marco analítico de flujos múltiples, la evolución de la discusión en Colombia, identificando sus principales tendencias, sus vacíos con relación a la teoría de renta básica y hace una propuesta para la ampliación de la discusión. Lo que se evidencia es que la renta básica tiene un amplio consenso social, pero que la ventana de oportunidad haya sido una situación crítica limitó de forma severa la discusión. Esta se dio, principalmente, alrededor del programa Ingreso Solidario del gobierno y se centró en sus alcances, montos y costos fiscales; dejando a un lado dimensiones del tema que son considerados relevantes en la teoría de renta básica como lo son sus implicaciones en la justicia social y en combatir la desigualdad.
Public policies face major challenges to their consolidation and stability that force rulers to make significant political efforts to keep them alive. Some of these challenges occur by the adjustment of the policy’s idea as an attempt to reduce the possible difficulties caused by public confrontation, thus better adapting them to the reference frame of the actors. Such is the case of Colombia’s drug control policy which did not have sufficient legitimacy to be carried out, despite international pressure, but it was later coupled to the international agenda as a national need. By using the critical discourse analysis, this study verifies how the discursive transformation of this policy took place and the cognitive mechanisms used to reinterpret it as a matter of national security and not international co-responsibility, which allowed consolidation of the current prohibitionist strategy. The results of the study reveal an interpretation of the drug trafficking problem as a threat to the institutional order, which reduces the confrontation capacity of the critics of the proposed policy.
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