Recognizing
the growing pressure on water resources, the literature reports several
efforts in the area of mathematical programming to deal with the management
of industrial and macroscopic water systems. This paper presents a
mathematical programming model which integrates two strategies for
sustainable water management. On the one hand, the model allows finding
an optimal schedule for the distribution and storage of natural and
alternative water sources to satisfy the demands of different users
in a macroscopic system, while maintaining sustainable levels of water
in the natural water resources. On the other hand, optimal decisions
also involve the number, capacity, type, and location of treatment
units in a macroscopic system. Our approach results in a mixed integer
linear programming (MINLP) multiperiod model which has been solved
through the GAMS modeling environment. A case study with different
scenarios shows the scope of the proposed approach and the significance
of the results.
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