We studied the main clinical features, outcome, and laboratory parameters in a group of solid organ transplant (SOT) patients with immunohistochemically proven cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. Confirmed CMV cases were obtained through databases. Demographics, clinical data, transplantation type, immunosuppressive regimens, donor and recipient CMV serostatus, therapy, outcome and laboratory results, pp65 antigenemia, and qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CMV were analyzed. From 1995 to 2004, 31 cases with complete medical records were identified. Disease appeared between 24 and 2538 days after transplantation but most cases presented in the first 100 days. Gastrointestinal CMV disease was the most frequent form (71%), while thrombocytopenia was present in 50% of cases, and leukopenia was less common (35.5%). CMV pp65 antigenemia was positive in 58% of patients, but its sensitivity increased to 71% if performed during the first 6 months. A qualitative CMV PCR technique gave similar results during this period (71.4%). Most patients were treated with intravenous ganciclovir (n=25; 80.6%). In 4 cases (19.4%), use of foscarnet alone or a sequential regimen with ganciclovir-foscarnet was deemed necessary. Surgical procedures were necessary in 5 patients (16%). The death rate reached 13%. CMV end-organ disease can be a life-threatening infection in SOT patients. Gastrointestinal disease was the most frequent end-organ disease. CMV antigen detection is best suited for the early period after transplantation.
The epidemiologic profile of VAP in terms of incidence, length of stay and clinical course resembles the general pattern described everywhere. Surprisingly, we could not identify any potentially modifiable risk factor for VAP. A comprehensive multicenter study is warranted. It should provide deep insight about the specific microbiological, genetic and clinic features of VAP in our setting.
Case Description A 72-year-old woman with primary Sjögren Syndrome (SS) was diagnosed during an inpatient hospital stay with dry symptoms. The patient had respiratory and constitutional symptoms, requiring a pulmonary imaging evaluation by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax. Clinical Findings Multiple cavitary pulmonary nodules, halo sign, and focal areas of ground-glass opacity with predominance in both bases were found in the images. Complementary studies were done where a neoplastic focus was ruled out. The diagnosis of nodular pulmonary amyloidosis was confirmed with a pulmonary biopsy performed by videothoracoscopy for histopathological study, which reported the formation of nodules in the parenchyma with amyloid deposits and positive immunohistochemical markers for CD3, CD20, and CD38 lymphocytic infiltration. Treatment and Outcome Initial inpatient management with intravenous cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone was given. Subsequent outpatient management was given with high dose glucocorticoids. Clinical Relevance We presented a case of nodular pulmonary amyloidosis in a female patient with primary SS, which is a rare pulmonary manifestation of this syndrome.
A 60-year-old man presented an acute abdominal condition caused by a liver-pancreatic complication, which proved fatal. Surgical and necropsy examination revealed multiple abscesses involving the liver and the head of the pancreas. The histological examination of the pus in the abscesses revealed the presence of multiple granules, which on H-E and P.A.S., proved to be typical of those produced by the fungus actinomyces Israeli. A hypothesis for the pathogenetic explanation of the selectivity of the anatomical lesions is put forward.
Introducción. El carcinoma de células renales corresponde al 3 % de todos los tumores sólidos y, de ellos, cerca del 10 % tiene compromiso de la vena cava inferior. La nefrectomía con trombectomía es la mejor alternativa con intención curativa. La mortalidad perioperatoria se encuentra entre el 2 y el 11 %. El objetivo del presente estudio fue presentar una serie de casos de carcinomas renales con trombos de tipo III según la clasificación de Neves-Zincke, en los cuales se usaron con éxito técnicas del trasplante hepático para su extracción.Materiales y métodos. Se presenta una serie de cinco casos, de pacientes sometidos a nefrectomía radical y que presentaban trombo de la vena cava inferior, atendidos en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2012 y septiembre de 2018.Resultados. De 26 pacientes encontrados con cáncer de células renales, se seleccionaron cinco con trombos de tipo Neves III, cuatro de ellos de tipo IIIa y uno de tipo IIIc.El promedio de edad fue de 63,2 años, cuatro mujeres y un hombre. El promedio de tiempo operatorio fue de 274 minutos y el de pinzamiento de la vena cava inferior fue de 13,6 minutos. El tiempo promedio de estancia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos fue de 2,8 días y el de estancia hospitalaria fue de 9,6 días. Un paciente no presentó ninguna complicación, y los cuatro restantes presentaron complicaciones quirúrgicas menores, I y II de la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo.Conclusión. El uso de maniobras técnicas del trasplante hepático para extraer trombos de la vena cava inferior que no comprometen la aurícula derecha en pacientes con tumores renales, es una alternativa segura con baja morbimortalidad perioperatoria y que puede llegar a garantizar el control de la enfermedad a largo plazo.
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