Background: Under nutrition has significant impact on morbidity and mortality of the children of age group 0-6 years. ICDS is working to combat under nutrition of these children since many years by providing supplementary nutrition. Objective of this study is to determine the progress in the nutritional status of the children of age group 0-6 years registered under ICDS who are taking benefit of supplementary nutrition from anganwadi.Methods: To determine the progress in the nutritional status of the children of age group 0-6 years registered under ICDS who are taking benefit of supplementary nutrition from anganwadi.Results: A cross sectional study was conducted at anganwadi centers under field practice area of urban health and training centre, Sector -24, GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar in the month of November and December 2019. Total 200 children fit to inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 3 anganwadi centre. The structured baseline questionnaire was used to include basic socio-demographic detail, detail of anthropometry measurement and regularity in attendance etc. WHO growth chart V 3.2.2 was used to calculate the Z score for the weight for height (wasting), weight for age (underweight) and height for age (stunting).Conclusions: High prevalence of Stunting and wasting in anganwadi children is alarming as may have overall developmental effect in future. Engagement of community and family members and focus on other socio demographic risk factors from childhood malnutrition is need of the ICDS program.
Introduction : Nutritional anemia is a major public health issue that affects women of all ages, notably those of reproductive age (15-49 years). Anemia has an adverse effect on the outcome of pregnancy including miscarriage, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, post-partum hemorrhages and stillbirth. Objectives:It is to estimate prevalence of anemia and to investigate socio-demographic and obstetric factors associated with the prevalence of anemia during preconception period. Method: We conducted a crosssectional study among 306 reproductive age group (15-49 years) women who were residing in field practice area of Urban Health Training Center (UHTC) in sector-24, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India who are planning to conceive within a year. Study participants were selected from the records of the female health worker according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. Results: Out of 306 participant women, 76% were found to be anemic, out of which, 31% had mild, 55% had moderate and 14% had severe level of anemia. Education level significantly associated (P < 0.05) with presence of anemia as women with lower level of education had higher presence of anemia – 81.97% in primary education group and 79.17% among illiterate women. BMI, parity and family type was also found to be significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the severity of anemia. Conclusion: Nearly three fourth Women who planned to conceive within a year had anemia. Out of women who had anemia, nearly three fourth had moderate to severe anemia. Education had significant association with presence of anemia and low BMI, Parity and type of family had significant association with severity of anemia.
Background: Sociodemographic determinants of diabetes such as age, sex and socioeconomic status play a major role in diabetes outcome. It was necessary to design a research project to address this. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and its sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, residential area, economic status and a level of education in the project districts. Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out in the project districts named Ahmedabad, Dahod and Valsad. Urban, rural and tribal population are above 30 years of age from different districts were covered to collect data on socio economic back ground and status of diabetes. Random blood sugar was measured by glucometer and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) by the HbA1c analyzer. Results: Proportion of male and female participants were near to equal. Percentage of self reported cases of diabetes (including controlled and uncontrolled) was 14.07% in urban areas while it was 5.24% in rural areas. Pre diabetes detection rate was more in rural area. During screening 11.83% of pre diabetes cases were identified. Difference between controlled and uncontrolled diabetes among illiterate and literate groups was statistically not significant. Conclusions: This preliminary observational study included more than 51000 participants visiting primary and community health centres from three districts of Gujarat. The public private partnership model helped in systematic approach towards screening and data collection. The study reported prediabetes cases higher than global prevalence. More controlled studies are required to define the mandatory screening protocol in resource constrained settings.
Introduction: Among children, one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century is childhood obesity, namely central obesity. This increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Studies show that, children who are physically active are less likely to have central obesity making it a key element in the prevention and treatment of both chronic diseases. Objectives: To assess the baseline knowledge and post-interventional knowledge of the students and teachers on the physical activity; to assess the utility and acceptability of the intervention module. Methods: An interventional study in 2 schools by administering tests prior to and after giving a class on the importance of physical activity and focused group discussion with teachers to assess the utility and acceptability of intervention. Data analysed using SPSS software, tabulated and interpreted by applying statistical tests. Results: Among the 120 students who participated, a significant increase in knowledge regarding the need for physical activity after health education was observed. Conclusion: Health education approach in schools was found to be effective and feasible in improving the knowledge and behavioural practices regarding physical activity among adolescents to reduce childhood obesity and to improve overall health.
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