Psychosocial hazards in mental healthcare contribute to the development of compassion fatigue in mental health professionals. Compassion fatigue has a negative impact on the mental health and wellbeing of professionals that can impair the quality of services provided to clients. The majority of research on compassion fatigue has focused on individual-level variables such as gender, history of trauma and age, among others. It is also imperative to understand the role played by alterable work-related characteristics in contributing to the development of compassion fatigue in order to attenuate its impact on mental health professionals and their clients. The present review examined articles exploring work-related factors associated with compassion fatigue. Fifteen quantitative studies were included and their quality was assessed using a checklist. An inductive content-analysis approach was adopted to synthesise the themes emerging from the data. The results suggested a theoretical model consistent with the Job Demands-Resources model, wherein job demands (such as workplace trauma, workload and therapeutic settings) are associated with compassion fatigue, and job resources (such as supervisors’, coworkers’ and organisational support) mitigate the impact of job demands. In addition to person-oriented factors, work-related factors are critical for the prevention of compassion fatigue.

No abstract

Workplace spirituality and grit are gaining momentum among researchers, academicians and business professionals. While workplace spirituality is an extrinsic factor which refers to a supportive working environment, grit is an internal factor which refers to passion and perseverance. The aim of this article is to examine the impact of workplace spirituality and grit on work engagement. Data were collected using standardised questionnaires from 275 full-time employees working in various government, private and public–private organisations in Delhi-NCR, India. Correlational analysis showed a positive correlation between components of workplace spirituality (inner life, meaningful work and community) and components of work engagement (attention and absorption) and between components of grit (consistency of interest and perseverance) and components of work engagement (attention and absorption). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that meaningful work, consistency of interest and perseverance significantly predicted work engagement after controlling for gender, age, tenure and educational qualification. This implies that organisations should hire employees with high grit and provide them with meaningful work to enhance their engagement. Practical and theoretical implications, along with the limitations of the study, are discussed.

Objective. To assess burnout and engagement in first-and second-year Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students and to investigate their relationships to students' perception of their academic ability.Methods. An online survey that included three validated scales was administered in May 2017 to firstand second-year pharmacy students enrolled in didactic coursework at Touro University California College of Pharmacy. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to assess burnout and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was used to measure student engagement. To characterize academic ability, Academic Self-Perception, a subscale of the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised, was used. Regression analysis was performed using statistical software. Results. One hundred sixty-two students (81.4% response rate) completed the survey. Emotional exhaustion and professional inefficacy were negatively correlated with students' academic selfperception. Dedication was positively correlated with academic self-perception. Conclusion.In pharmacy students completing the didactic portion of the PharmD curriculum, various engagement and burnout parameters correlated with academic self-perception.

No abstract