The present work had the objective of detecting the occurrence of Equine Piroplasmosis in horses housed in the 3rd Guards Cavalry Regiment (GCR) - Brazilian Army (BA) ˗ Porto Alegre, RS-Brazil, as well as to demonstrate the proactivity of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique, aiming at the judicious use of the resources involved in the training and employment of Equines in the Brazilian Army. Fifty horses of the 3rd GCR - Porto Alegre ˗ RS, which are employed for Sport, Military Ceremonial, Law and Order Guarantee Operations (LOGO), were evaluated by means of the 18s r RNA screening with PCR technique, thirty eight horses with Babesia Caballi and Theileria Equi were detected, which corresponds to an incidence of 76% of the horses effective analyzed at the time. In this way, it can be verified that the Military activity have its "performance and effectiveness" factors threatened in case the health of the principal of his means employed, that is the horse, is compromised. The PCR technique then offers a reliable and feasible tool for the detection of Equine Piroplasmosis in BA horses.
There is a growing integration between countries on the same continent in search of solutions to various issues, including food and technology. In this exchange scenario, countries and their populations are exposed to the spread of zoonoses and pathological agents, including bioterrorism. Rio Grande do Sul (RS) actively participates in the foreign trade of horses, and its modes of transport facilitate territorial capillarity. Equine piroplasmosis is a zoonosis that causes several economic losses and poses a danger to the human component involved in the process. At the borders of RS, the movement of horses is significant, in the last five years the movements of approximately one thousand horses have been declared, with the Crioulo and Thoroughbred Horses being the most sought after, due to misuse and smuggling an estimated 50% of these numbers for more. For an effective Biological Defense at the borders of the RS, it would be necessary at least one of the Agricultural Security and Defense Units, in the places with the highest traffic, equipped with laboratories, animal quarantine, and specialized personnel. That would have physical control actions and monitoring and gathering information, which can be performed with other species of animals and plants.
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