PurposeIn anatomical single-bundle (SB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, the traditional transtibial approach can limit anatomical placement of the femoral tunnel.Surgical TechniqueWe present a novel three-point freehand technique that allows for anatomic SB ACL reconstruction with the transtibial technique.Materials and MethodsBetween January 2012 and December 2012, 55 ACL reconstructions were performed using the three-point freehand technique. All the patients were followed for a minimum of 12 months post-operatively. Clinical evaluation was done using the Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) grade. All patients were analyzed by 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) at 1 week after surgery.ResultsThe mean Lysholm score improved from 68.2±12.7 points preoperatively to 89.2±8.2 points at final follow-up. At final follow-up, the IKDC grade was normal in 42 patients and nearly normal in 13 patients. None of the patients had a positive pivot shift test, anterior drawer test and Lachman test at final follow-up. The anatomical position of the femoral tunnel was confirmed on 3D CT scans.ConclusionsThe three-point freehand technique for SB transtibial ACL reconstruction is a simple, anatomic technique showing good clinical results.

Purpose To evaluate serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels in patients with low-energy hip fractures. Materials and Methods Among 983 patients who underwent hip fracture surgery between August 2013 and March 2019, 732 patients were evaluated. The remaining patients were excluded due to the presence of one or more of the following: metastatic bone tumor, metabolic bone disease other than osteoporosis, fracture due to high-energy injury, atypical femoral fracture, and no blood test. We collected patient's data about age, sex male female, date of injury, a place of residence, fracture type, preinjury ambulation ability according to their Koval score, and their serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D. The mean age was 79.3 years (60–104 years). The sample was comprised of 530 female and 202 male, of which 342 had femoral neck fractures and 390 had trochanteric fractures. Results Of the total 732 patients, 346 patients (47.3%) had a 25(OH) vitamin D level of less than 10 ng/mL, 264 patients (36.1%) had scores of 10–19.9 ng/mL, 87 patients (11.9%) had scores of 20–29.9 ng/mL, and 35 patients (4.8%) had a level higher than 30 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency (less than 20 ng/mL) was present in 610 patients (83.3%), insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) was found in 87 patients (11.9%), and 35 patients (4.8%) had normal vitamin D levels. The differences in vitamin D concentration based on season and fracture type were statistically significant. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy were high in patients with low-energy hip fractures, with only 4.9% of patients had normal vitamin D levels. These findings suggest that efforts should be made to maintain proper vitamin D concentration.

Purpose:To evaluate the effectiveness of internal fixation with a helical plate for displaced proximal humeral shaft fractures by analyzing the clinical outcomes of patients. Materials and Methods: Fourteen displaced fractures of the proximal humeral shaft were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) with the use of helical locking compression plates. We evaluated the adequacy of reduction, time-to-fracture healing, range of motion of the shoulder, and postoperative complications. The functional outcome of the shoulder was evaluated using a Constant-Murley shoulder score. Results: Anatomical reduction of the fracture was obtained in nine cases treated by ORIF, and anatomical alignment was obtained in five cases treated by MIPO. All fractures were healed in an average of 14.9 weeks. The active range of motion of the shoulder was fully recovered in five cases, and restricted in nine cases, at around 12 months after surgery. The mean Constant-Murley shoulder score was 87.4 points, at around 12 months after surgery. There were no major complications, such as neurovascular injury, infection, loss of fixation, and nonunion. Conclusion: Helical locking compression plating for proximal humeral shaft fractures is a safe and effective surgical method in obtaining satisfactory fracture healing and functional outcome because it provides stable fixation and avoids complications related with lateral plating.

We used a picture archiving and communicating system and a model-based clustering method to determine whether some individuals have thicker DIOMs that can be considered as the DOB. Results: The thickness of the DIOM demonstrated a bimodal distribution, indicating the presence of patients with a thick DIOM (DOB). The model-based clustering method indicated that the optimal cutoff point was 1.0 mm. Twenty-six individuals (32.5%) had thick DIOMs with a mean thickness of 1.4 mm (SD, 0.2 mm), whereas 54 individuals (67.5%) had thin DIOMs with a mean thickness of 0.6 mm (SD, 0.2 mm). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that MRI can identify the presence of the DOB. The incidence and thickness of the DOB in this study support the findings of previous cadaveric studies on its morphology.

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HAND 11(1S) reconstruction were possible. This protocol will serve good functional recovery to some extent for the damaged young athletes' elbow.