This study illustrates that EMS providers are acutely aware of the impact of their decisions and actions on families at the end of life. How emergency calls near the end of life are handled influences how people die, whether their preferences are honored, and the appropriate use of ambulance transport and ED care. The findings highlight how the intersection of awareness of dying and documentation of wishes influence prehospital decision-making in end-of-life emergencies and demonstrate the key role EMS providers have in this critical period.
Aim:To describe and explain the process of transition from cure-focused to comfort-focused health care as perceived and reported by patients, family members, and healthcare providers.Background: Moving into the last phase of life due to advanced illness constitutes a developmental transition with increased vulnerability for patients and family.Design: Qualitative metasynthesis.qualitative designs to report transition experiences of patients, family members, and/ or healthcare providers were included.Review methods: Key elements were extracted and organized into matrices. Findings from each report were analysed using qualitative coding.
Results:The sample was 56 unique reports from 50 primary studies. Patients and families emphasized the importance of receiving understandable information, emotional support, respect for personhood and control. The critical juncture of 'realizing terminality' preceded a transition to comfort-focused care. Subsequently, a shift in goals of care emphasizing comfort and quality of life could occur. Continued provision of information, effective support, respect and control promoted 'reframing perceptions' and capacity to embrace a changed identity. Reframing allowed patient and family to find meaning and value in this last phase of life and to embrace the opportunity to prepare for death, nurture relationships, and focus on quality of living.
Conclusion:Understanding the developmental process that can be engaged by patients and families at the end of life provides a theoretical basis that can inform choice and timing of interventions to reduce suffering and enhance positive outcomes. K E Y W O R D S comfort care, end of life, literature review, metasynthesis, nursing, palliative care, qualitative research, terminal care, transition
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