The Differentiated Instructional approach (DI) is a very important strategy to meet the diverse needs of the learner in improving the teaching and learning process. This study aimed at investigating the implementation of the Differentiated Instructional approach among the public secondary schools in Mwanga District, Tanzania. The study employed a mixed research approach with the convergent parallel design. The targeted population of this study was 7800 people and the study sample involved 98 participants including 1 District Quality Assurance Officer, 4 head of schools, 20 teachers as well as 73 students from 25 public secondary schools who were selected using purposive, stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics with the help of the SPSS version 20 and content analysis. The findings indicate that teachers were familiar with the DI although they were not implementing it effectively to meet the diverse needs of the learners due to several work related hindrances. The study recommends that there should be the provision of adequate teaching and learning facilities in order to keep teachers updated on inclusive instructional approaches.
The study aimed at examining menstrual hygiene management practices among adolescent girls in public secondary schools in Kibondo District. The study used the mixed research approach with the convergent parallel design. The study was comprised of the sample size of 99 respondents from four out of 17 schools, including ten parents, 12 female teachers, 68 students, 4 matrons, 4 Heads of schools and 1 District Education Officer. Data collection was done through semi-structured interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire. Qualitative data analysis was done through content analysis while quantitative data were analyzed descriptively with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and presented in tables through percentages, and frequencies. The study discovered that there are problems in MHM practices among public secondary schools under investigation. There were shortages of menstrual hygiene management practice facilities such as toilets and private areas to change absorbent pads, disposable mechanisms and water. The study recommended that adolescent girls should be provided with sanitary pads and education. There is need to improve MHM facilities such as water, disposable mechanisms and private rooms for changing absorbent materials for effective management of menstrual periods. Menstrual hygiene management topics should be integrated into the syllabi in order to increase awareness on MHM to adolescent girls. Teachers and health workers should closely provide guidance and health talks to adolescent girls, advising them on how to manage their menstrual-related illness effectively for their good performance in school.
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