Two single-subject experiments with two adult stutterers were conducted to assess the effect of changing the frequencv of phonation intervals that were shorter or greater than prescribed durations during spontaneous speech. Both subjects modified the frequency of prescribed phonation intervals and showed changes in the frequency of these intervals that were positively related to decreases and increases in stuttering frequency. A perceptual analysis of the subjects' speech quality during phonation control conditions showed that when stuttering frequency was reduced, listeners could detect changes in the speech quality, of both subjects; however, only one subject's speech during these conditions was described as nonnormal sounding. The therapeutic and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
Recounts three stories to illustrate the nature of the religious issues that can arise in the US workplace. Discusses the historical, legal and social influences that act upon religious diversity. The rights and restrictions of employees are reviewed together with the ways in which library managers can respond effectively to the questions raised. Although based on the situation in the USA in 2002, the points raised are applicable in other countries.
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