Background: Circadian pattern of blood pressure (BP) is a 24 hours BP curve. Decreasing of BP 10-20% at night is called a dipper, while less than 10% a nondipper. Prevalence of hypertension and nondipper in Chronic Kidney Disease stage 5 on Dialysis (CKD 5D) are still very high. Kidney transplantation will improve BP and nondipper.Objective: To determine the change of dipper and nondipper, and the mean of 24 hours BP in CKD before, and one month after kidney transplantation.Methods: Design of the study is before and after design. 15 subjects CKD 5D before kidney transplantation, age 16-60 years, were conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during October to December 2014. 24 hours BP measurement were recorded with 24 hours Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in all subjects, before and one month after kidney transplantation. McNemar and t dependent test were used in statistical analysis.Methods: A total of 1217 diagnosed type II diabetic patients, who attended Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal between January 2013 and November 2014 were recruited in the study. Fasting venous blood samples were collected. The whole blood and sera were analyzed for HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile panel test. Diabetes and dyslipidemia were defined as per American diabetes association criteria and National Cholesterol Education Programme (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III guidelines respectively. RR, NHC and AIP were calculated. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS statistical package version 17.0.Results: HbA1c showed direct correlation with FPG, Triacylglycerol (TAG) & Low density lipoprotein (LDL) while there was inverse correlation with HDL. Statistically significant 'p' values (<0.05) were obtained for FPG, TAG and LDL. Closer associations were found between HbA1c and NHC and AIP than lipids alone.
Conclusion:These findings indicate that HbA1c can provide valuable supplementary information about cardiac risk besides its primary role in monitoring long-term glycemic control.Background: Reduced placental blood flow causes intrauterine growth restriction or fetal death in 30% of pregnancies complicated with hypertension.
Objectives:The study was undertaken to compare the effects of epidural analgesia with parenteral analgesia during labor on umbilical artery blood flow in women with hypertensive disease of pregnancy and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler indices.
Methods:In a prospective study 32 consenting parturients with pregnancy induced hypertension and increased umbilical blood flow on Doppler ultrasound were randomly allocated to receive labor analgesia through epidural route (0.1% ropivacine mixed with 2 mcg/ml fentanyl) or intramuscular route (tramadol). Doppler vascular indices-pulsatility index, resistance index, S/D ratio of umbilical artery were measured at baseline, 1-hour and 6-hour of administering labor analgesia. Neonatal outcome was assessed using Apgar score and cord blood gas analysis.
Results:Baseline characteristics were similar in women in both the groups...
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