Close control of blood glucose levels significantly reduces vascular complications in Type I diabetes. A control method for the automation of insulin infusion that utilizes emerging technologies in blood glucose biosensors is presented. The controller developed provides tighter, more optimal control of blood glucose levels, while accounting for variation in patient response, insulin employed and sensor bandwidth. Particular emphasis is placed on controller simplicity and robustness necessary for medical devices and implants.A PD controller with heavy emphasis on the derivative term is found to outperform the typically used proportional-weighted controllers in glucose tolerance and multi-meal tests.Simulation results show reductions of over 50% in the magnitude and duration of blood glucose excursions from basal levels. A closed-form steady state optimal solution is also developed as a benchmark, and results in a flat glucose response. The impact and tradeoffs associated with sensor bandwidth, sensor lag and proportional versus derivative based control methods are illustrated. Overall, emerging blood glucose sensor technologies that enable frequent measurement are shown to enable more effective, automated control of blood glucose levels within a tight, acceptable range for Type I and Type II diabetic individuals.
Close control of blood glucose levels significantly reduces vascular complications in Type I diabetes. A control method focusing on the rate of change of blood glucose level is developed to utilize emerging technologies in blood glucose biosensors.The controller developed provides tighter, more optimal control of blood glucose levels, while robustly handling variation in patient response and sampling rate. Particular emphasis is placed on the controller simplicity and robustness necessary for medical devices and implants. A PD controller with a heavily weighted derivative term is found to outperform the more proportional-weighted controllers in oral glucose tolerance testing. Simulation results show reductions of over 50% in the magnitude and duration of blood glucose excursions from basal levels that are slightly better than normal non-diabetic response as modelled.Comparison with normal response indicates that the physiological control system has some measure of both proportional and derivative control as the basis of glucose regulation.
Close control of blood glucose levels significantly reduces vascular complications in diabetes, as well as having beneficial effect for cardiac and other critical care patients. Recent studies have shown that tight regulation of blood glucose level in intensive care unit patients can reduce mortality by as much as 45%. This paper presents an optimal insulin infusion algorithm to tightly regulate blood glucose for ICU and other critical care patients when the glucose input is known. Results show an ideal, flat blood glucose response when subjected to a typical ICU glucose input as well as for a far more extreme case.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.