E-NOTES rectosigmoidectomy in the swine model is safe, but remains challenging for use in pelvic dissection. P-NOTES rectosigmoidectomy using TEM may be a promising tool for pelvic dissection, but the transgastric approach involves a high degree of risk.
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFrS) caused by Hantaan virus (HTnV) is characterized by vascular hemorrhage and acute renal failure. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is a glycoprotein that maintains vessel integrity and reduces endothelial permeability. we found that in HTnV-infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) the levels of Ang-1 mrnA and protein were reduced on days 2 and 3 post-infection (p.i.), when endothelial permeability was increased. The HTnV-stimulated permeability was reduced by treatment of HUVECs with Ang-1. The plasma Ang-1 level was lower in HFrS patients than in healthy persons. Paired plasma samples of HFrS patients revealed markedly lower Ang-1 levels during the acute phase of HFrS as compared to the convalescent phase. These findings suggested that HTnV reduced the Ang-1 expression in endothelial cells that might play an important role in the increase of vascular permeability in HFrS.
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