Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) has been demonstrated as an important regulator in diverse human cancers. However, its function and regulatory mechanism in ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. Here, we report that MEG3 is physically associated with microRNA-21 (miR-21), while miR-21 is downregulated following ischemia in the ischemic core in vitro and in vivo, which is opposite to MEG3. Besides, overexpression of miR-21 protects oxygen–glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, MEG3 functions as a competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and competes with programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) mRNA for directly binding to miR-21, which mediates ischemic neuronal death. Knockdown of MEG3 protects against ischemic damage and improves overall neurological functions in vivo. Thus, our data uncovers a novel mechanism of lncRNA MEG3 as a ceRNA by targeting miR-21/PDCD4 signaling pathway in regulating ischemic neuronal death, which may help develop new strategies for the therapeutic interventions in cerebral ischemic stroke.

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In this paper, the partially party-time (PT ) symmetric nonlocal Davey-Stewartson (DS) equations with respect to x is called x-nonlocal DS equations, while a fully PT symmetric nonlocal DSII equation is called nonlocal DSII equation. Three kinds of solutions, namely, breather, rational, and semirational solutions for these nonlocal DS equations are derived by employing the bilinear method. For the x-nonlocal DS equations, the usual (2 + 1)-dimensional breathers are periodic in x direction and localized in y direction. Nonsingular rational solutions are lumps, and semirational solutions are composed of lumps, breathers, and periodic line waves. For the nonlocal DSII equation, line breathers are periodic in both x and y directions with parallels in profile, but localized in time. Nonsingular rational solutions are (2 + 1)-dimensional line rogue waves, which arise from a constant background and disappear into the same constant background, and this process only lasts for a short period of time. Semirational solutions describe interactions of line rogue waves and periodic line waves.

More patients treated with thrombolysis underwent angiography and revascularization before discharge than might be expected. Younger age and the availability of the procedures appeared to be the major determinants of the use of coronary angiography, whereas coronary anatomy largely determined the use and type of revascularization. This process appeared to select low-risk patients for intervention rather than those at higher risk, who would be the most likely to benefit.

Recently, Fokas presented a nonlocal Davey-Stewartson I (DSI) equation (Fokas 2016 Nonlinearity 29 319-24), which is a two-spatial dimensional analogue of the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation (Ablowitz and Musslimani 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 064105), involving a self-induced parity-time-symmetric potential. For this equation, high-order periodic line waves and line breathers are derived by employing the bilinear method. The long wave limit of these periodic solutions yields two kinds of fundamental rogue waves, namely, kink-shaped and W-shaped line rogue waves. The interaction of fundamental line rogue waves generate higher-order rogue waves, which have several interesting patterns with different curvy profiles. Furthermore, semi-rational solutions are constructed, which are line rogue waves on a background of periodic line waves. Finally, two particular solutions of the nonlocal NLS equation, namely, a first-order rogue wave and a semirational solution are obtained as reductions of the corresponding solutions of the nonlocal DSI equation.