Introduction: Recent data suggest that the removal rate of drugs is higher in predilution on-line hemodiafiltration(HDF) treatment because of the result in temporary reduction of serum protein binding rate. However, as far as searching, there are few studies comparing drug removal rates for Online-HDF and conventional hemodialysis therapy (HD). In this study, we compared the removal rate of drugs between in predilution on-line HDF and HD treatment. Methods: Twelve stable patients (two pairs) on regular thrice-weekly predilution online-HDF treatment were recruited. Six patients of them were taking amlodipine and the others were taking cinacalcet. They were assigned to two treatment periods of each four weeks for predilution online-HDF and conventional HD treatment. We measured the concentration in blood of the two drugs on the first therapy day of each 1st, third, fifth and seventh week. The replacement fluid amount in online-HDF was set to 48 L per session, and the membrane area of the haemodiafilter and dialyzer of the same patient was assumed to be the same. The removal rate of two drugs after hematocrit correction were compared between the two treatments. The concentrations of each drug were determined by high performance liquid chromatography after serum protein was eluted. Similarly, we measured small-sized molecules, that are urea nitrogen, creatinine and inorganic phosphorus, and low molecular weight
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