Low-flow characteristics of selected streams in West Virginia were determined at continuous-and partial-record sites. Daily discharges at 100 continuous-record gaging stations on unregulated streams were used to compute selected low-flow frequency values. Estimates of low-flow frequency values at 296 partial-record sites (ones having only discharge measurements) were made using the relation defined by concurrent flows with a continuous-record station.Low-flow characteristics at continuous-record stations were related to drainage area and a variability index to produce equations which can be used to estimate low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites in West Virginia. The State was divided into two hydrologic regions. Drainage area and a streamflow-variability index were determined to be the most significant. The streamflowvariability index was computed from duration curves and was used to account for the integrated effects of geology and other hydrologic characteristics. The standard error of estimate for the 7-day low flow with a 2-year recurrence interval is 43 percent for Region 1 and 57 percent for Region 2. The standard error of estimate for the 7-day low flow with a 10-year recurrence interval is 82 percent for Region 1 and 83 percent for Region 2.
This report contains water-quality data for the Ohio River from river mile 160.6 (1.1 mi upstream from Willow Island Dam) to river mile 203.6 (0.3 mi upstream from Belleville Dam) that was collected during the summer of 1991. Water quality was determined by a combination of synoptic field measurements and laboratory analyses. Synoptic sampling was conducted at eight cross-sectional transects and a longitudinal transect with 28 mid-channel stations. Measurements made at each cross-sectional transect included five vertical profiles of water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, and specific conductance. Longitudinal transect stations were sampled at three depths (near the surface, middle of the water column, and at or near the bottom) for the same characteristics. Sampling was completed in 3 days or less, and was repeated approximately every 2 weeks from June through October 1991. Beginning in August 1991, water samples were collected at selected locations and analyzed for chlorophyll-^ and pheophytin concentrations, as measures of phytoplankton biomass and phytoplankton-degradation products, respectively. The depth of light penetration was estimated at all pigment-sampling locations. Water-Quality Data for the Ohio River 3 Water Sanitation Commission, 1988). Although the average depth of the pool is 24 ft, the depth of the main channel increases with increasing distance downstream from the dam. Streamflow in the upper Ohio River Basin is related to precipitation and to the balance of precipitation and evapotranspiration. The climate of the region is considered temperate with distinct seasonal changes. Mean minimum air temperatures are generally during January; mean maximum air temperatures are generally during July. Average annual air temperature is about 12°C. Annual precipitation in the basin ranges from 20 to 72 in., with heaviest amounts occurring in June or July and minimum amounts occurring in October (West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, 1988). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has constructed a system of multipurpose reservoirs on four main tributary streams for flood control. These reservoirs also are used to augment flow and maintain navigation during critical periods. Land use in the study reach is about 16 percent cropland, 12 percent pasture, 46 percent forest, 6 percent urban, and 20 percent other uses (Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission, 1988). Major urban and industrial centers in the reach include Parkersburg, W. Va., and Marietta, Ohio (fig. 2). The reach includes one municipal drinking-water intake (a Ranney well at Parkersburg) and seven industrial water intakes. There are 8 municipal and 22 industrial effluent discharges. Industrial activity along the reach is associated mainly with chemical manufacturing and coal-fired electric-power generation. This section of the river is also used to transport petroleum products, chemicals, and other materials. There are 16 river terminals in the study reach, most of which are located between Marietta and Parkersburg (Ohio Ri...
This report contains water-quality data for the Ohio River from river mile 51.1 (3.3 mi upstream from New Cumberland Dam) to river mile 84.0 (0.2 mi upstream from Pike Island Dam) collected during the summer and fall of 1992 to assess the effects of hydropower development on water quality of the river. Water quality was determined by a combination of synoptic field measurements and laboratory analyses. Field measurements of water-quality characteristics were made along a longitudinal transect with 18 mid-channel sampling sites; cross-sectional transects of water-quality measurements were made at 5 of these sites. Water quality also was measured at two sites located on the back-channel (Ohio) side of Browns Island. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, and specific conductance were measured at three depths (about 3.3 ft below the surface of the water, middle of the water column, and near the bottom of the river) at each longitudinal-transect and backchannel sampling site . Cross-sectional transects consisted of three or four detailed vertical profiles of the same characteristics. On most sampling dates, water samples were collected from three depths at the mid-channel vertical profile in each cross-sectional transect and analyzed for concentrations of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b pigment in phytoplankton. Estimates of the depth of light penetration (Secchi disk transparency) were made at all phytoplankton-pigment-sampling locations whenever light and river-surface conditions were appropriate. Synoptic sampling usually was completed in 12 hours or less and was
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