In the downstream of SOFC systems, higher oxygen partial pressure can cause oxidation-induced Ni anode degradation. In this study, we have investigated cell performance at high fuel utilizations for simulating situations around the system downstream. When the anode voltage was higher than a voltage threshold, the cell performance was stable. On the other hand, it became unstable associated with cell voltage oscillation when anode voltage was around or less than the threshold value. The threshold value was consistent with the anode potential derived from the oxygen partial pressure at the phase boundary at which both Ni and NiO coexist.
Crystal Si micro-tip arrays were fabricated by selective anodization of p + -type Si substrate using an n-type doped layer as mask. The use of p + -type substrate gave rise to sideway anodization with a moderate degree of current restriction patterning effect under the n-type mask layer, and triggered the formation of a sharp tip on the Si substrate. A process that allows for the fabrication of tip arrays with a self-aligned gate electrode was also studied. In the latter process, anodization through a donut-shape window within the n-type doped area prompted the formation of a tip with surrounding Si wall with the top n-type layer as a gate.
In SOFCs, a wide range of fuel gases can be applied, but fuel impurity tolerance may be desired. By applying gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC) anode material, we analyzed power generation characteristics and internal reforming followed by high-resolution electron microscopy in order to moderate sulfur poisoning. Effect of ceria addition into the anodes layers on sulfur poisoning is systematically analyzed and discussed.
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