SummaryA study on the conservation status of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis, L.) in the Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania was undertaken in order to investigate recent allegations that this species is fast disappearing in the area. Comparison of census data on rhinos were made from 1958 to 1978 during which time there has been a notable steady decline in the mean population density mainly due to increased poaching pressure. Other factors that may have caused this fall are discussed. Urgent management measures to conserve the rhino population in the Ngorongoro Crater and the surrounding areas are recommended.RésuméUne étude sur I'état de la conservation des rhinocéros (Diceros bicornis, L.) dans le Cratére du Ngorongoro (Tanzanie) fut entreprise dans le but de vérifier de récentes affirmations concernant la disparition rapide de cette espéce dans la région. La comparaison de données de recensements de rhinos entre 1958 et 1978 fut faite; on constate durant cette période un manifeste et régulier déclin de la densité de population moyenne, attribuée principalement a I'augmentation de la pression de braconnage. D'autres facteurs ayant pu causer ce déclin sont discutés. Des mesures urgentes d'intervention pur conserver la population de rhinos dans le cratére du Ngorongoro et les régions périphériques sont recommandées.
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