T olerability was considerei rather satisfactory, m ainly am ong th e patients receiving tw o single doses (50-150mg), according to th e age, 4 -6 w eeks apart). These results suggest th a t 2-4 courses of therapv w ith in a shorter span of tim e should be th e ideal for a m ass tre a tm en t cam paign. Efficacy van ed from 26.6% to 76.2% parasitological cure m th e various groups, w ith a wide range of variation also in th e percent of m ean reduction o f eggs for hookw orm .The drug showed also som e effect against Ascaris lum bricoides giving cure rates betw een 10,5 % and 35.7% in th e various groups, w ith a percentage reduction in m ean egg counts of 27% to 83.3% according to the various groups. It was concluãed th a t C om pound 16.842 possesses a m arked effect on hook w orm and a m ild effect on A. lum bricoides. The findings in li cate the need for m ore accurate stu iie s to determ ine th e m ost effic.en t schedules of trea tm en t and th e real value of the drug, as com pared to other antih elm in th ics against th e tw o parasites under stu d y.In testin al h elm inthias's have been know n to constitute a m ajor Public H ealth problem in B razil for m any decades, if not for centuries. Among these helm inthic diseases, (Figs. I-A and B ), hookw orm infection, for obvious reasons (high prevalence, wide distribution an d under certain circum stances, a hign degree of m orbity, In term s of im pairm ent, disability an d even death) h as deserved special a tte n tion from th e Public H ealth Service au th orities, m ainly a t th e F ederal levei.M ass cam paigns aim ing a t th e control of hookw orm infection w ere organized on th ree d ifferen t occasions. At the present tim e, m ost of th e activities concerning the control of in testin al helm inthic infections are u n der th e responsibility of th e "De p artam ento N acional de Endem ias R urais", an agency of th e M inistery of H ealth. A b ran ch of th a t departm ent, th e "Instituto N acional de E n d en ras R urais" is in charge of special investigation an d research of th e various endem ic ru ra l diseases. In ad-
A n in s tr u m e n t c o n s istin g o f a sh e a th -U k e tu b e 22 1/2 c m . long w ith a rod or tro c a r a n d a tta c h e d c u ttin g blade is d escrib e d . I t m a y be u sed to ó b ta in fr a g m e n ts o f n o n h ollow organs, 7 m m w ide by fiv e to te n c e n tim e te r s long, to s u b s titu te th e classic v isc e ro to m e . N o fa ilu r e s h a v e occurred in v isce ro to m ie s o f th e liv er so fa r . T h e g re a te st a d v a n ta g e o f th is in s tr u m e n t is its re la tiv e ly sm a ll size. I ts m o re p ra c tic a l u se is to o verco m e th e d iffic u ltie s w h ic h m a y h a m p e r th e use o f th e classical v isc e ro to m e . T h is is v e ry im p o r ta n t as th e n e e d arose to reo rg a n ize th e n e tw o r k o f v isc e ro to m y se rvic e. I n so m e areas or c o u n trie s w h e re n o c o m p le te a u to p sies can be p e r fo rm e ã , b iopsy sa m p le s h a v e b ee n re d u c e ã to s u c h a sm a ll size th a t n o p ra c tic a l In fo r m a tio n h a s b een received in th e la s t fe w ye a rs. T h e d iffic u ltie s o f p e r fo r m in g a n a u to p sy p r e v e n ts th e o b te n tio n o f u se fu l v a th o lo g ic a l d a ta o n severa l diseases a ffe c tin g th e p o p u la tio n , ev e n a m o n g p u tie n ts d y in g in h o sp ita is. T h e v isc e ro to m y is also th e p ra c tic a l so lu tio n fo r th is p ro b le m .
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