The present paper details the finite element implementation procedure for applying consistent boundaries for two-dimensional continuum soil-structure interaction systems. Consistent boundary conditions are ensured by applying rigorously calculated interaction forces at the truncated soil-structure interface. These calculations involve the evaluation of convolution integral on acceleration unit-impulse response functions for all boundary degrees of freedom for all time steps. The interactive or run-time evaluation of the interaction forces based on the past response history, is successfully carried out using user-defined element formulation in ABAQUS. This precise implementation of this boundary element procedure is demonstrated through benchmark problems and demonstrated through typical stress-wave propagation problems.
Soil-structure-interaction (SSI) analyses are essential to evaluate the seismic performance of important structures before finalizing their structural design. SSI under seismic condition involves much more complex interaction with soil compared to the dynamic loads having source on the structure. Seismic SSI analysis requires due consideration of site-specific and structure-specific properties to estimate the actual ground motion (scattered motion) experienced at the base of the structure, and subsequently the effects of the scattered motion on the structure. Most challenging aspect of seismic SSI analysis is to implement transmitting boundaries that absorb the artificial reflections of stress waves at the truncated interface of the finite and infinite domains, while allowing the seismic waves to enter the finite domain. In this paper, the time domain implementation of seismic analysis of a soil-structure system is presented using classical discrete models of structure and interactive force boundary conditions for soil. These models represent typical SSI systems- a single Degree of Freedom (DOF) of a spherical cavity with mass attached to its wall, a two DOF system consisting of a mass attached by a nonlinear spring to a semi-infinite rod on elastic foundation, and a three DOF system with additional DOFs for modelling the structural stiffness and damping. The convolution integral representing the force boundary condition on the truncated interface, is evaluated interactively using UAMP user-subroutine in ABAQUS and applied as concentrated forces at the interface (truncated interface) nodes of the bounded domain or generalized-structure domain. The verification problems presented in the paper show the satisfactory performance of the developed MATLAB code and ABAQUS implementation with FORTRAN user-subroutines. The classical phenomena associated with the dynamic soil-structure systems are discussed through the present work.
Modeling a semi-infinite soil domain has always been a challenge, especially in problems where the interaction between the soil domain and structure domain is a dynamically responsive one, as in the case of seismic wave loading. Under such conditions, researchers used various strategies to simulate, both physically and numerically, the behavior of pile foundations under seismic loading. While describing the challenges and hitherto applied strategies, two comprehensive numerical studies are described: one at behavioral state in terms of inelastic response spectrum and the other at the limiting state of collapse.
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