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Objective-To study the changes in morbidity, mortality, and survival patterns in a population of patients with AIDS in the United Kingdom from 1982 to 1989.Design-A retrospective analysis of inpatient and outpatient records of patients with AIDS.Subjects-347 Patients with AIDS, predominantly homosexual or bisexual men.Setting-Departments of immunology and genitourinary medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London.Main outcome measures-Presenting diagnosis of AIDS, occurrence of other opportunist diseases, cause of death, and survival since AIDS was diagnosed, in particular for those patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or Kaposi's sarcoma.Results-The overall proportion of patients who developed P carinii pneumonia dropped from 56% (20/36) in 1984 to 24% (46/194)

To investigate the development of a reduced DLCO in patients with HIV-related disease, we studied 474 HIV-seropositive patients and performed serial lung function measurements over 18 months. The mean values of DLCO at presentation were lower in patients with more advanced HIV disease compared with asymptomatic HIV-seropositive patients (DLCO 88% of predicted). When compared with the DLCO in asymptomatic HIV-seropositive patients, the DLCO had reduced values in patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) (82% of predicted, p less than 0.05), acquired deficiency syndrome-related complex (ARC) (73% predicted, p less than 0.001), nonpulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) (72% of predicted, p less than 0.001), nonpulmonary complications of AIDS excluding KS (73% of predicted, p less than 0.001), pulmonary KS (63% of predicted, p less than 0.001), pulmonary mycobacterial infection (68% of predicted, p less than 0.05), pyogenic infection (70%, p less than 0.05), acute Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP; 49%, p less than 0.001), and following recovery from PCP (71%, p less than 0.001). Serial lung function measurements over 18 months revealed no change in DLCO within any patient group, and in particular there was no tendency for a gradual decline. Clinical deterioration due to the development of PCP was associated with a reduction in DLCO. Conversely, in patients recovering from PCP, there was a partial improvement in DLCO over 3 months. Zidovudine (AZT) use did not affect DLCO within any diagnostic group or the recovery in DLCO following PCP. However, cigarette smoking was associated with further reductions in DLCO in all patient groups and with an impaired recovery of DLCO following acute PCP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the spectrum of genital dermatological conditions affecting men and compare the clinical and histopathological diagnoses. DESIGN--Prospective study over a one year period. SETTING--A central London teaching hospital. PATIENTS--Seventy one patients with unresponsive penile dermatoses attending a specific internal referral clinic within the department of genitourinary medicine and 36 patients undergoing penile biopsy following attendance at other departments within the same hospital. METHODS--Full dermatological assessment of patients attending the specific clinic. Standard histopathological methods were used in the diagnosis of biopsy specimens. OUTCOME MEASURED--Clinico-pathological diagnosis of cutaneous penile abnormalities. RESULTS--Description of the range and relative frequency of penile dermatological conditions. The most common histopathological diagnosis was of non specific dermatitis. Twenty seven percent (16 of 61) of patients attending the specific clinic and 33% (12 of 36) of men attending other departments had conditions requiring long term follow up. CONCLUSIONS--The ranges of penile dermatoses presenting to the different departments were broadly similar. Penile biopsy was shown to be a safe and clinically informative procedure. In the genitourinary clinic setting, clinical diagnosis prior to biopsy was found frequently to be inaccurate.

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