Equal peers in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks are the drawbacks of system in term of bandwidth, scalability and efficiency. The super-peer model is based on heterogeneity and different characteristics of peers in P2P networks. The P2P networks and large- scale distributed systems based on P2P networks use the super-peer model to design the query processing mechanism. This chapter first reviews the query processing methods in P2P networks, in which the authors classify theses query processing approaches in Unstructured and Structured mechanisms. Furthermore, the query processing techniques in distributed systems based on P2P networks are discussed. Afterward, authors concentrate on super-peer model to process the query of peers in P2P networks. Authors present the query processing methods in P2P-based distributed systems using the super node. Finally, the chapter provides some examples of each of the presented query processing techniques, and then illustrates the properties of each of them in terms of scalability and performance issues.
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