Almost a detective story describing a hopeless search in archives which took many years and apparently resulted in the discovery of not just the singular origin of the first ice breaker, but the engineering ingenuity that led to that first design. This paper will uncover the forgotten history of the first icebreaker and will recreate its original shape using the original general arrangements and references uncovered during the research.
Since the introduction of scientific disciplines into the shipbuilding process, there has been a search for optimisation of human and material resources. The current environmental crisis is putting additional pressure on global resource management and special attention to materials sourcing and utilisation. This paper discusses the potential solution for the current lack of effectiveness at early design stages, which are still based on 2D drawings. The industry is demanding a new 3D approach, which implies, first, a change in the procedures, and second, having a suitable CAD/CAM tool for the early generation of a digital mock-up, from which the project is developed throughout all design and production phases, from conceptual design to operation. The proposed solution shown in this paper would improve the general arrangement definition, with the use of CAD for the 3D definition of the compartments and the main equipment positioning; improve the naval architecture calculation; and finally improve the basic/class design stage, with better reuse of data already developed in the general arrangement model and in the definition of a 3D model of structure, with the main equipment positioning, pipes, and electrical equipment already into the model. Intelligent P&I diagrams and single-wire electric diagrams would be used at this stage and connected to the 3D model. Additionally, it will allow for early estimating of materials, weights, and associated processes. This will be further supported by the use of topology to consider design alternatives and produce early information on materials for procurement and production. The cost reduction associated with the definition of the early design stages in 3D has been estimated at around 15% of the overall design and production stages.
The housing scene in major cities is driving people into unconventional real estate options, and London is no exception. As rental and purchase prices have risen, some individuals have turned to houseboats for an affordable option. The waterbodies, that were a main driver of the development of the city, have experienced the consequences of that growth and the degradation that followed. In this paper, the impact of the increase in waterway short-stay and permanent moorings is explored. Several events in the rich history of English canals are discussed, as well as their relevance to the current situation. The needs and main limitations are also considered, as these are putting pressure on the communities, agencies and authorities involved. The constraints, especially spatial, of this type of housing present an interesting challenge for boat designers who need to adapt to the next generation of boaters’ requirements. Additionally, improvement of the facilities and infrastructure is important to protect the rights of all waterway users and the wider public.
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