BACKGROUND. Dog prostate cancer is usually considered to be highly relevant to human prostate cancer. We report the isolation of a new canine prostate cancer epithelial cell line designated DPC-1. METHODS. Primary cultures were established from a canine poorly differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma. Population doubling time was determined by counting nuclei after cell lysis. Tumorigenicity was assessed in nude mice and in one adult immunode®cient dog. Immunoscintigraphy was performed in both models using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) raised against the [44±62] sequence of human PSMA. RESULTS. DPC-1 cells have a rapid growth in vitro (doubling time, 27 hr) which is not stimulated by androgens. In addition, DPC-1 displays immunoreactivity to human PSA and PSMA. DPC-1 was found to be highly tumorigenic not only in nude mice but also for the ®rst time after orthotopic seeding in an immunode®cient dog. This allograft mimicked, in a compressed form, the aggressive biological behavior of spontaneous dog prostate adenocarcinoma. Immunoscintigraphy using a 131 Iodine-labeled PSMA mAb clearly visualized induced tumors in nude mice and in the dog allograft. CONCLUSIONS. This study suggests that DPC-1 may constitute a powerful model for assessing new diagnostic and/or therapeutic tools in the management of prostate cancer.
One hundred and four dogs with clinical signs of urinary tract infection were selected by 15 practitioners in a multicentric, controlled and randomised study. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by urinalysis and imaging. Each dog received either marbofloxacin (2 mg/kg orally once daily or 4 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection every four days) or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid tablets (12.5 mg/kg twice daily) for 10 or 28 days, depending on the clinical diagnosis. Rectal temperature, general condition, appetite, urinary signs, defecation disorders and pain on abdominal palpation were monitored at each visit, the timetable depending on diagnosis: three urinalyses and at least three examinations per case were performed. Side effects were also thoroughly sought at each examination. Marbofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid both yielded good bacteriological cure rates (96.2 per cent versus 85.0 per cent, respectively) and clinical cure rates (83.3 per cent versus 69.7 per cent). Fewer relapses were observed in those dogs that received marbofloxacin. Few mild side effects were recorded with both products.
Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is uncommon in the male dog. Diagnosis is made on the basis of the history (full bladder intermittent incontinence with persistence of normal micturitions), clinical examination and by exclusion of other causes of incontinence, such as prostatic disease, lower urinary tract abnormalities and cystitis. This report describes a case in an 11-year-old male poodle in which positive contrast urethrocystography showed no anatomical abnormalities. Surgical treatment by fixation of both ductus deferens to the abdominal wall under laparoscopic guidance with cranial displacement of the urinary bladder improved the incontinence.
The literature analysed by REQUEST (REassesing QUinolone European STandard) using inclusion and exclusion criteria allows to make the conclusion that the proper use of fluoroquinolones (FQ) in canine colitis requires rigorously performed qualification to specific antimicrobial treatment. An infectious agent responsive to FQ therapy plays an integral role in the clinical manifestation of canine colitis, especially histiocytic ulcerative colitis (HUC) in young Boxer dogs. This supports the use of FQ in these cases. The Request guidelines for proper use of FQ in canine colitis is established, according to the available literature data.
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