The paper presents an optimization technique for scheduling of pumped-storage power plant operation up to one year horizon. A pumped-storage power plant is an energy source with fast time response consisting of upper and lower reservoir, which has ability to store excess electric energy in the upper reservoir in form of potential energy of water, which is pumped from the lower reservoir. Its importance increases as a tool for transmission system operator to control of power system stability, load balancing and frequency control due to the increase of amount of power generated from renewable energy sources characterized by the fluctuation of power output such as photovoltaic and wind power sources. Usually, it has part of capacity reserved for needs of transmission system operator and the remaining capacity can be used by the plant operator in commercial manner to increase of profit. The aim of the paper is to propose fast algorithm based on dynamic programming to optimize free capacity while complying with all the technical and operational restrictions.
SUMMARYA new and systematic approach to the problem of minimum e!ort ripple-free dead-beat (EFRFDB) control of the step response of a linear servomechanism is presented. There is speci"ed a set of admissible discrete error feedback controllers, complying with general conditions for the design of ripple-free dead-beat (RFDB) controllers, regardless of the introduced degree of freedom, de"ned as the number of steps exceeding their minimum number. The solution is unique for the minimum number of steps, while their increase enables one to make an optimal choice from a competitive set of controllers via their parametrization in a "nitedimensional space. As an objective function, Chebyshev's norm of an arbitrarily chosen linear projection of the control variable was chosen. There has been elaborated a new, e$cient algorithm for all stable systems of the given class with an arbitrary degree of freedom. A parametrized solution in a "nite space of polynomials is obtained through the solution of a standard problem of mathematical programming which simultaneously yields the solution of a total position change maximization of servomechanism provided that a required number of steps and control e!ort limitation are given. A problem formulated in this way is consecutively used in solving the time-optimal (minimum-step) control of a servomechanism to a given steady-state position with a speci"ed limitation on control e!ort. The e!ect of EFRFDB control on the example of a linear servomechanism with torsion spring shaft, with the criterions of control e!ort and control di!erence e!ort, is illustrated and analysed.
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