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The aim of this paper is to show the results of lead and cadmium values measured on deciduous teeth of children from the city of Cartagena (Spain), and their relationships with different variables. A total of 834 samples were processed. Lead data shown a positively skewed distribution and fitted to a lognormal distribution, meanwhile cadmium data did not. The true arithmetic mean and standard deviation of cadmium values was estimated censoring data by 10 nglg, where the cadmium distribution looks log-normal. No statistically significant differences could be observed for lead and cadmium values according to the sex of donor. However, the content of both heavy metals decreased from incisors to molars, and also with the age of shedding, although this last factor was not important when considering a multifactor ANOVA. The use of fluoride and the zone of residence proved to be the most important environmental variables affecting the content of lead and cadmium, meanwhile other parameters, i.e., home antiquity or family socio-economic status were significant for lead values.