Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is characterized by a triad of varicose veins, cutaneous capillary malformation, and hypertrophy of bone and soft tissue. Appropriate evaluation and treatment of children displaying features of the disease may minimize morbidity. The clinical appearance, etiology, genetics, diagnostics, and treatment of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome are herein explored.

The four different FD Nd:YAG lasers performed equally well in treating facial telangiectases. With a wavelength of 532 nm and pulse durations in the millisecond range, vessels can be selectively targeted with a minimal incidence of post-operative complications.

C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance at natural abundance was used to study isolated corneocyte envelopes from porcine stratum corneum. The presence of lipids covalently attached to the protein envelopes was detected by chemical shifts of methylene and methyl groups of the bound lipids. The corneocyte protein envelopes are rigid, as suggested by efficient 1H to 13C cross polarization and 13C spin-lattice relaxation studies. The chemical shift of the carbonyl carbons of the protein envelopes supports the prediction that the chemically bound lipid envelope is attached to proteins arranged predominantly in the beta-sheet conformation, allowing a dense palisade of ceramide molecules to form a water-impermeable external sheath.

The Er:YAG laser may be used to improve nonfacial photodamaged skin.

When a malignant melanoma is located on the vertical sidewall or bottom of the umbilicus, one should consider surgical excision down to peritoneum, including the umbilical attachment to the peritoneum. Because this is beyond the scope of training for most dermatologic surgeons, it would be appropriate to refer these patients to a surgical oncologist or a plastic surgeon.