Adaptive modulation exploits the time-variant channel capacity fluctuation of fading channels using a range of different modem modes. Specifically, no information is transmitted when the instantaneous channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low, and, hence, during this period the data must be buffered, which results in delay or latency. When the instantaneous channel quality improves, 2-, 4-, 16-, and 64-level modem modes are invoked, which allows the transmission buffer to be emptied. It is shown that channel capacity gains are achieved at the cost of some latency penalty. The latency is quantified in this treatise and mitigated by frequency hopping or statistical multiplexing. The latency is increased when either the mobile speed or the channel SNR are reduced, since both of these result in prolonged low instantaneous SNR intervals. It is demonstrated that as a result of the proposed measures, typically more than 4-dB SNR reduction is achieved by the proposed adaptive modems in comparison to the conventional benchmark modems employed.
Adaptive modulation can achieve channel capacity gains by adapting the number of bits per transmission symbol on a burst-by-burst basis, in harmony with channel quality fluctuations. This is demonstrated in the paper for target bit error rates of 1 and 0.01%, respectively, in comparison to conventional fixed modems. However, the achievable gains depend strongly on the prevalant interference levels and hence interference cancellation is invoked on the basis of adjusting the demodulation decision boundaries after estimating the interfering channel's magnitude and phase. Using the modem-mode switching levels of Table X and with the aid of interference cancellation, target BER's of 1 and 0.01% can be maintained over slow-fading channels for a wide range of channel Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and Signal-tointerference ratios (SIR), as seen in Figs. 20 and 21, respectively.
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